Body Image Dissatisfaction Is Increased in Male and Overweight/Obese Adolescents in Botswana

Table 3

Body Image Questionnaire difference from ideal and dissatisfaction scores.

BIQ factor	Gender		Urbanization			BMI group
	Male	Female	City	Town/urban village	Rural village	Underweight	Optimal BMI	Overweight/; Obese
Difference from Ideal
Height	0.9 (1.5)	0.7 (1.4)	0.6 (1.4)	0.8 (1.5)	0.8 (1.4)	1.1 (1.5)	0.8 (1.4)	0.5 (1.4)
Skin complexion	0.5 (1.4)	0.5 (1.4)	0.5 (1.4)	0.6 (1.4)	0.6 (1.5)	0.2 (1.4)	0.6 (1.4)	0.3 (1.3)
Hair texture	0.4 (1.4)	0.7 (1.5)	0.5 (1.5)	0.6 (1.5)	0.5 (1.5)	0.2 (1.4)	0.6 (1.5)	0.4 (0.5)
Facial features	0.4 (1.4)	0.6 (0.5)	0.4 (1.4)	0.5 (1.5)	0.4 (1.5)	0.6 (1.5)	1.5 (4.5)	0.4 (1.5)
Muscle tone	1.2 (1.4)	0.8 (1.4) ***	0.4 (0.1)	1.5 (0.1)	1.4 (0.1)	1.2 (1.2)	0.8 (1.4)	0.9 (1.5)
Body proportions	0.8 (1.4)	0.9 (1.4)	0.7 (1.40)	1.1 (1.4) **	0.8 (1.4)	0.7 (1.5)	0.8 (1.4)	1.3 (1.4) **
Weight	0.8 (1.5)	0.9 (1.5)	1.5 (0.1)	1.5 (0.1)	1.5 (0.1)	1.3 (1.4)	0.6 (1.5) **	1.6 (1.4)
Chest size	0.9 (1.5)	0.6 (1.5) **	1.4 (0.1)	1.5 (0.1)	1.5 (0.1)	1.0 (1.4)	0.6 (1.5)	0.8 (1.6)
Strength	1.1 (1.4)	0.8 (1.4) **	0.8 (1.4)	1.0 (1.4)	0.9 (1.4)	1.2 (1.4)	0.9 (1.4)	0.8 (1.4)
Coordination	0.6 (1.4)	0.7 (1.4)	0.6 (1.4)	0.7 (1.5)	0.7 (1.4)	0.5 (1.4)	0.6 (1.4)	0.7 (1.3)
Overall appearance	0.9 (0.4)	0.8 (1.5)	0.8 (1.4)	1.1 (1.4) **	0.7 (1.4)	0.7 (1.5)	0.8 (1.4)	1.0 (1.4)
Dissatisfaction
Height	1.8 (3.4)	1.4 (3.3)	1.1 (3.3)	1.8 (3.4)	1.7 (3.4)	1.8 (3.4)	1.6 (3.4)	1.1 (3.3)
Skin complexion	0.9 (3.2)	0.9 (3.2)	0.9 (3.3)	1.1 (3.2)	1.0 (3.2)	−0.03 (3.0)	1.2 (3.2)	0.5 (3.1)
Hair texture	0.8 (3.1)	1.3 (3.5)	1.2 (3.4)	1.1 (3.3)	0.9 (3.4)	−0.15 (2.6)	1.1 (3.3)	0.9 (3.4)
Facial features	0.7 (3.3)	1.0 (3.6)	0.8 (3.4)	1.0 (3.5)	0.8 (3.6)	0.6 (3.3)	0.9 (3.4)	0.8 (3.6)
Muscle tone	2.6 (3.7)	1.5 (3.3) **	1.5 (3.2)	2.2 (3.6)	1.9 (3.5)	1.6 (3.0)	1.8 (3.4)	1.9 (3.8)
Body proportions	1.7 (3.4)	1.9 (3.4)	1.6 (3.4)	2.2 (3.4)	1.5 (3.4)	1.2 (3.2)	1.5 (3.2)	2.7 (3.7) ***
Weight	1.6 (3.5)	2.2 (3.8)	1.7 (3.6)	2.3 (3.8)	1.7 (3.5)	2.4 (3.2)	1.3 (3.4)	3.6 (3.7) ***
Chest size	1.8 (3.4)	0.9 (3.2) ***	1.1 (3.2)	1.3 (3.4)	1.4 (3.2)	1.7 (3.2)	1.0 (3.2)	1.4 (3.5)
Strength	2.5 (3.7)	1.5 (3.2) ***	1.8 (3.4)	1.9 (3.4)	1.9 (3.6)	2.5 (3.5)	1.8 (3.3)	1.9 (3.7)
Coordination	1.3 (3.4)	1.3 (3.1)	1.2 (3.1)	0.3 (3.3)	1.3 (3.2)	0.8 (3.3)	1.2 (3.2)	1.3 (3.1)
Overall appearance	2.1 (3.5)	1.9 (3.8)	1.7 (3.6)	2.4 (3.8)	1.6 (3.5)	1.0 (3.2)	1.7 (3.6)	2.4 (3.6)
Composite BIQ score	1.6 (2.1)	1.5 (2.1)	1.4 (1.9)	1.7 (2.1)	1.4 (2.0)	1.2 (1.7)	1.4 (1.9)	1.7 (2.3)

Data as mean (SD); ^∗∗𝑃<0.01; and ^∗∗∗𝑃<0.001.