Ultrasound Estimates of Visceral and Subcutaneous-Abdominal Adipose Tissues in Infancy

Table 4

Summary of measurements in Cambridge Baby Growth Study infants.

	Boys	Girls	𝑃 value^1
Birth	𝑛=362	𝑛=333
Gestational age at birth (weeks)	39.8±1.6	39.9±1.3	0.6
Weight (kg)	3.5±0.5	3.4±0.4	0.006
Length (cm)	51.5±3.5	51.0±2.6	0.004
Ponderal index (kg/m^3)	26.0±3.4	26.0±3.1	0.2
Sum of skinfolds (cm)	2.4±0.6	2.5±0.6	0.04
3 months^2	𝑛=254	𝑛=233
Weight (kg)	6.4±0.83	5.8±0.7	<0.0001
Length (cm)	61.8±2.5	60.2±2.5	<0.0001
Ponderal index (kg/m^3)	27.0±2.1	27.0±2.4	0.1
Sum of skinfolds (cm)	4.4±0.8	4.4±0.8	0.6
US-visceral depth (cm)	2.3±0.6	2.3±0.6	0.9
US-subcut abdo depth (cm)	0.4±0.1	0.4±0.1	0.7
12 months^3	𝑛=258	𝑛=237
Weight (kg)	10.2±1.1	9.6±−1.1	<0.0001
Length (cm)	76.4±2.7	74.9±2.6	<0.0001
Ponderal index (kg/m^3)	23.0±1.6	23.0±1.8	0.7
Sum of skinfolds (cm)	4.3±0.8	4.5±0.8	0.01
US-visceral depth (cm)^4	2.8±0.6	2.7±0.5	0.04
US-subcut abdo depth (cm)^4	0.4±0.1	0.4±0.1	0.6

Data are means (±standard deviation).
¹Student’s t-test was used to compare boys versus girls.
²3-month ultrasound measurements were performed in 487 infants (254 boys and 233 girls).
³12-month ultrasound measurements were performed in 495 infants (258 boys and 237 girls).
⁴US: ultrasound.