Avoiding Weight Gain in Cardiometabolic Disease: A Systematic Review

Table 1

Characteristics of studies on populations with or at risk for diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease.

Author, year; Study location	Years of recruitment	Single or multicenter	Recruitment setting	Study design	Inclusion criteria
					Age	Body mass index	Diabetes; mellitus	Other
Abraira et al., 1980 [16]; United States	Not reported	Single	Clinical	Nonrandomized			DM on insulin	Veteran
Anderssen et al., 1995 [17]; Torjesen et al., 1997 [18]; Europe	1990-1991	Single	Cohort study in Oslo	Randomized	41–50 years	>24 kg/m^2		Relatively inactive; DBP of 86–99 mmHg
Babazono et al., 2007 [19]; Asia	2004	Single	Membership	Randomized				SBP 130–159 mmHg, DBP 85–99 mmHg, or hemoglobin A1c >5.6%
Clark et al., 2004 [20]; Europe	Not reported	Single	Clinical	Randomized	40–70 years	>25 kg/m^2	Type 2 DM	Safe to participate in walking program
Gram et al., 2010 [21]; Europe	Not reported	Single	Newspaper and clinical	Randomized	25–80 years	>25 kg/m^2	Type 2 DM for >1 year	Hemoglobin A1c 7% to 10%
Kumanyika et al., 2005 [22]; United States	1992	Multicenter	Not reported	Randomized	30–54 years			No evidence of CVD, DM, renal insufficiency, or other serious illness
Plotnikoff et al., 2011 [23]; Canada	Not reported	Not reported	Diabetes education programs	Randomized			Type 2 DM
Razquin et al., 2010 [24]; Razquin et al., 2009 [25]; Europe	Not reported	Multicenter	Clinical	Randomized	Men 55–80, women 60–80 years	>25 kg/m^2	Type 2 DM	No history of CVD; No intolerance to olive oil or nuts
Samaras et al., 1997 [26]; Australia	Not reported	Single	Clinical	Randomized	40–70 years		Diabetes not requiring insulin	Perform <1 hour exercise weekly; No history/symptoms or signs of IHD no smoking
Stefanick et al., 1998 [27]; Location not reported	Not reported	Single	Not reported	Randomized	Women 45–64, men 30–64 years	Men < 34, women < 32 kg/m^2	No DM	No history of disease limiting their ability to engage in moderate-intensity exercise
Toobert et al., 2011 [28]	Not reported	Multicenter	Clinical	Randomized	30–75 years		Type 2 DM	English or Spanish speaking; Latino/Hispanic ethnicity
Yates et al., 2010 [29]; Europe	2006-2007	Single	Diabetes screening programs	Randomized		>25 kg/m^2 (>23 kg/m^2 for South Asians)	Impaired glucose tolerance	Not taking steroids

DM: diabetes mellitus; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; SBP: systolic blood pressure; CVD: cardiovascular disease; IHD: ischemic heart disease.