Disparities in Risk Factors Associated with Obesity between Zanzibar and Tanzania Mainland among Women of Reproductive Age Based on the 2010 TDHS

Table 3

Crude and adjusted odds ratios of obesity among nonpregnant women in Mainland Tanzania.

Variable	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	OR (se)	95% CI	value	AOR (se)	95% CI	value
Place of residence
Urban	4.13 (0.41)	[3.40, 5.01]	<0.0001	1.37 (0.20)	[1.03, 1.81]	0.0310
Rural	Reference			Reference
Wealth index
Poorest	Reference			Reference
Poorer	1.33 (0.35)	[0.79, 2.22]	0.2826	1.27 (0.34)	[0.75, 2.14]	0.3769
Middle	1.99 (0.49)	[1.23, 3.22]	0.0052	1.84 (0.47)	[1.12, 3.03]	0.0165
Richer	3.69 (0.85)	[2.35, 5.79]	<0.0001	3.23 (0.80)	[1.99, 5.24]	<0.0001
Richest	11.24 (2.39)	[7.41, 17.04]	<0.0001	8.93 (2.36)	[5.32, 15.00]	<0.0001
Education level
No education	Reference			Reference
Primary	2.34 (0.40)	[1.68, 3.26]	<0.0001	1.36 (0.25)	[0.95, 1.95]	0.0882
Secondary and higher	3.13 (0.61)	[2.13, 4.60]	<0.0001	1.57 (0.35)	[1.02, 2.44]	0.0415
Marital status
Never married	Reference			Reference
Divorced/widowed	2.57 (0.52)	[1.72, 3.82]	<0.0001	1.74 (0.44)	[1.06, 2.85]	0.0291
Married/cohabited	3.23 (0.51)	[2.37, 4.40]	<0.0001	2.44 (0.50)	[1.63, 3.66]	<0.0001
Age (years)
15–19	Reference			Reference
20–29	1.94 (0.41)	[1.29, 2.92]	0.0015	1.32 (0.32)	[0.83, 2.11]	0.2454
30–39	1.60 (0.19)	[1.22, 1.98]	<0.0001	3.53 (0.88)	[2.16, 5.76]	<0.0001
40–49	5.03 (0.99)	[3.42, 7.41]	<0.0001	4.18 (1.07)	[2.52, 6.91]	<0.0001
The use of cooking oil
No	Reference			Reference
Yes	3.48 (0.77)	[2.26, 5.36]	<0.0001	1.41 (0.35)	[0.87, 2.31]	0.1648
Meals per day
1 time	0.55 (0.21)	[0.26, 1.16]	0.1156	1.26 (0.57)	[0.52, 3.07]	0.6126
2 times	0.36 (0.05)	[0.29, 0.46]	<0.0001	0.78 (0.11)	[0.59, 1.03]	0.0822
3 to 4 times	Reference			Reference

Note: se stands for standard error; AOR represents adjusted odds ratios.