Acute Exercise and Appetite-Regulating Hormones in Overweight and Obese Individuals: A Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Hormone area-under-the-curve (AUC) data for the six studies included in the meta-analysis.

Study	Participants		Intervention	Hormone AUC (pg⋅mL^−1)
				Acylated ghrelin	Total PYY	Total GLP-1
		BMI (kg⋅m^−2)
Gholipour et al. [20]	9 (males)		36 min treadmill run: 10 min, 10 min, 5 min, and 2 min at 65%  , separated by 3 min at 3 km⋅h^−1	CON: 3512 ± 654; EX: 1935 ± 302	NM	NM
Martins et al. [21]	12 (7 females and 5 males)	32.3 ± 2.7	Cycling at 85–90%   until 250 kcal is expended: 8 s all-out sprinting separated by 12 s easy pedalling (average duration: 18 ± 3 min)	CON: 3921 ± 1318; EX: 3315 ± 1219	NM	CON: 4181 ± 1262; EX: 4272 ± 969
			Cycling at 70%   until 250 kcal is expended: continuous cycling (average duration: 27 ± 6 min)	CON: 3921 ± 1318; EX: 3296 ± 1058	NM	CON: 4181 ± 1262; EX: 4638 ± 1305
			Cycling at 85–90%   until 125 kcal is expended: 8 s all-out sprinting separated by 12 s easy pedalling (average duration: 9 ± 2 min)	CON: 3921 ± 1318; EX: 3532 ± 1393	NM	CON: 4181 ± 1262; EX: 4072 ± 1156
Sim et al. [22]	17 (males)	27.7 ± 1.6	30 min continuous cycling at 60%	CON: 70 ± 37; EX: 69 ± 30	CON: 85 ± 43; EX: 87 ± 37	NM
			30 min cycling: alternating between 60 s at 100%   and 240 s at 50%	CON: 70 ± 37; EX: 62 ± 28	CON: 85 ± 43; EX: 83 ± 40
			30 min cycling: alternating between 15 s at 170%   and 60 s at 32%	CON: 70 ± 37; EX: 56 ± 26	CON: 85 ± 43; EX: 88 ± 34
Tiryaki-Sonmez et al. [23]	9 (females)	28.3 ± 1.8	60 min running at 53%	CON: 51 ± 8; EX: 47 ± 5	NM	NM
Ueda et al. [13]	7 (males)	30.0 ± 3.1	60 min cycling at 50%	CON: 15779 ± 10046; EX: 16641 ± 10725	CON: 393 ± 50; EX: 425 ± 46	NM
Unick et al. [24]	19 (females)	32.5 ± 4.3	Walking at 70–75%  age predicted until 3.0 kcal⋅kg^−1 of body weight is expended; (average energy expenditure: 354 ± 72 kcal; average duration: 42 ± 8 min)	CON: 6527 ± 2646; EX: 6361 ± 3339	NM	CON: 211400 ± 51600; EX: 201200 ± 49400

BMI: body mass index; CON: resting control trial; EX: exercise trial; GLP-1: glucagon-like peptide-1; : maximum heart rate; NA: AUC data not available; NM: not measured; PYY: peptide-YY; : maximum oxygen uptake.
ignificantly different from control (). Area-under-the-curve values were calculated using hours as the unit of time in some studies and minutes as the unit of time in others.