Research Article
Objectively Quantified Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Predicting Visceral Adiposity and Liver Fat
Table 1
Participants’ characteristics.
| | | Total group () | NAFLD () | Non-NAFLD () | |
| | Demographics and anthropometry | | | | | | Age (years) | 40.1 (1.9) | 41.7 (2.3) | 39.3 (1.4) | 0.34 | | Sex (M/F) | 49/33 | 18/11 | 31/22 | 0.75 | | BMI (kg⋅m−2) | 30.9 (0.5) | 32.7 (1.1) | 29.9 (0.5) | 0.02 | | Waist circumference (cm) | 100.0 (1.1) | 105.8 (2.0) | 96.8 (1.2) | <0.001 | | SBP (mmHg) | 127.4 (1.5) | 132.1 (2.7) | 124.8 (1.8) | 0.02 | | DBP (mmHg) | 81.0 (0.8) | 83.1 (1.3) | 79.8 (1.0) | 0.05 | | SAT (cm3) | 9268 (405) | 10431 (806) | 8632 (427) | 0.55 | | VAT (cm3) | 3153 (169) | 3847 (301) | 2774 (185) | 0.004 | | IHL (%) | 5.3 (0.5) | 10.3 (0.9) | 2.6 (0.2) | <0.001 | | Biochemistry | | | | | | Glucose (mmol/L) | 4.3 (0.1) | 4.6 (0.1) | 4.1 (0.1) | <0.001 | | Insulin (mU/L) | 8.4 (0.5) | 10.6 (1.2) | 7.2 (0.5) | 0.01 | | ALT (U/L) | 27.9 (1.5) | 31.8 (2.2) | 25.8 (1.8) | 0.05 | | AST (U/L) | 24.7 (1.1) | 25.9 (1.8) | 24.0 (1.3) | 0.40 | | hsCRP (mg/L) | 8.4 (0.5) | 4.6 (0.9) | 2.7 (0.4) | 0.73 | | Lipids | | | | | | Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.5 (0.1) | 5.5 (0.2) | 5.5 (0.1) | 0.99 | | Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.3 (0.1) | 1.6 (0.2) | 1.2 (0.1) | 0.05 | | LDL (mmol/L) | 3.5 (0.1) | 3.5 (0.2) | 3.5 (0.1) | 0.99 | | HDL (mmol/L) | 1.4 (0.0) | 1.3 (0.1) | 1.5 (0.0) | 0.06 | | Habitual physical activity | | | | | | Sedentary behavior (<1.6 METs) (hours:min) | 12:08 (0:12) | 12:10 (0:20) | 12:08 (0:16) | 0.93 | | Light physical activity (1.6–2.9 METs) (hours:min) | 2:58 (0:06) | 2:48 (0:11) | 3:04 (0:07) | 0.20 | | Moderate physical activity (3–5.9 METs) (hours:min) | 1:30 (0:07) | 1:34 (0:15) | 1:29 (0:06) | 0.75 | | Vigorous physical activity (6–8.9 METs) (hours:min) | 0:05 (0:01) | 0:04 (0:01) | 0:06 (0:0) | 0.39 | | Steps (per day) | 8915 (355) | 8855 (751) | 8947 (371) | 0.90 | | Total energy expenditure (kJ) | 13061 (485) | 13145 (541) | 13015 (693) | 0.90 |
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M: male; F: female; BMI: body mass index; NAFLD: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; SAT: subcutaneous adipose tissue; VAT: visceral adipose tissue; IHL: intrahepatic lipid; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; hsCRP: high-sensitivity c-reactive protein; LDL: low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL: high density lipoprotein cholesterol; and METs: metabolic equivalents. Values are mean (standard error). value for NAFLD versus non-NAFLD using Student’s -test for continuous variables and for categorical variables.
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