Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: Prognostic Factors and Multidisciplinary Management
Table 2
Population characteristics and comparison of good versus poor 6-month visual outcome.
Criteria
Total population
Good outcome
Bad outcome
Sex
Female, (%)
73/79 (92.4)
33/36 (91.7)
28/31 (90.3)
Male, (%)
6/79 (7.6)
3/36 (8.3)
3/31 (9.7)
Age years, mean ± SD
33 ± 12
31.5 ± 12.7
35 ± 11.4
Time to diagnosis, months, median (range)
2 (1–48)
4.7 (1–48)
2.8 (1–8)
BMI at diagnosis, kg⋅m−2, mean ± SD
35 ± 9.7
34.6 ± 9.4
32.9 ± 7.7
BMI < 30, (%)
21/68 (30.9)
11/32 (34.4)
9/28 (32.1)
BMI 30–35, (%)
13/68 (19.1)
5/32 (15.6)
8/28 (28.6)
BMI 35–40, (%)
11/68 (16.2)
5/32 (15.6)
4/28 (14.3)
BMI > 40, (%)
23/68 (33.9)
11/32 (34.4)
7/28 (25)
CSF opening pressure mmCSF, median (range)
285 (150–540)
260 (170–420)
305 (150–540)
Clinical signs
Headache, (%)
65/79 (82.3)
27/36 (75)
27/31 (87)
Papilledema, (%)
75/78 (96)
35/36 (97)
31/31 (100)
Visual acuity, median, /10
8.25
8.5
8.3
Transient visual obscuration, (%)
14/79 (17.7)
5/36 (13.8)
5/31 (16.1)
Visual field defect, (%)
62/71 (87.3)
28/32 (87.5)
26/28 (93)
Eye-tracking impairment, (%)
12/79 (15.2)
9/36 (25)
3/31 (9.7)
Tinnitus, (%)
10/79 (12.7)
4/36 (11)
6/31 (19.3)
Dizziness, (%)
9/79 (11.4)
3/36 (8.3)
6/31 (19.3)
Radiological signs
Empty sella, (%)
45/79 (57)
22/36 (61)
19/31 (61.3)
Optic nerve sheath enlargement, (%)
51/79 (64.6)
21/36 (58.3)
22/31 (71)
Transverse sinus
Normal, (%)
5/58 (8.6)
3/26 (11.5)
0/28
Hypoplasia, (%)
5/58 (8.6)
3/26 (11.5)
2/28 (7.1)
Unilateral stenosis, (%)
5/58 (8.6)
4/26 (15.5)
1/28 (3.6)
Bilateral stenosis, (%)
43/58 (74)
16/26 (61.5)
25/28 (89.3)
Treatments
Acetazolamide daily dose, mg, median
623
640
651
Weight change
<0.00
Gain > 5%, (%)
10/48 (20.8)
0/26
10/22 (45.5)
Loss > 5%, (%)
15/48 (31.2)
11/26 (42.3)
4/22 (18.2)
No change, (%)
23/48 (48)
15/26 (57.7)
8/22 (36.3)
BMI: body mass index; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; SD: standard deviation; a: Fisher’s exact test, b: Student’s -test; : number of patients, presented as number of events/number of documented cases (and percentage). 12 patients were lost to follow-up or missed data.
