Research Article
Determinants of Walking among Middle-Aged and Older Overweight and Obese Adults: Sociodemographic, Health, and Built Environmental Factors
Table 3
Adjusted ORs and 95% CI of walking the recommended ≥150 minutes per week for any purpose.
| | Variable | OR | 95% CI | value |
| | Education | | | | | High school or some college | 1.00 | — | | | College graduate or graduate school | 5.55 | 1.79–17.25 | 0.003 | | Difficulty walking for a quarter of a mile | | | | | Not at all difficult | 1.00 | — | | | Only a little or somewhat difficult | 0.19 | 0.05–0.77 | 0.020 | | There are many distracted drivers in the neighborhood | | | | | Strongly agree/agree | 1.00 | — | | | Strongly disagree/disagree | 4.08 | 1.47–11.36 | 0.007 | | There are sidewalks or protected walkways in neighborhood | | | | | Strongly disagree/disagree | 1.00 | — | | | Strongly agree/agree | 3.56 | 1.10–11.50 | 0.034 | | Drivers do not yield to pedestrians or bicyclists | | | | | Strongly agree/agree | 1.00 | — | | | Strongly disagree/disagree | 2.67 | 0.87–8.22 | 0.087 | | Most drivers exceed the posted speed limits while driving | | | | | Strongly disagree/disagree | 1.00 | | | | Strongly agree/agree | 2.85 | 1.10–7.41 | 0.031 | | Walkers and bikers on the streets can be easily seen | | | | | Strongly agree/agree | 1.00 | | | | Strongly disagree/disagree | 4.00 | 1.17–13.70 | 0.027 | | There is so much traffic along nearby streets | | | Strongly disagree/disagree | 1.00 | | | | Strongly agree/agree | 4.33 | 1.47–12.66 | 0.008 | | Employment | | | | | Not employed | 1.00 | — | | | Employed | 0.31 | 0.11–0.85 | 0.022 | | Annual household income | | | | | <$50,000 | 1.00 | — | | | ≥$50,000 | 1.55 | 0.47–5.20 | 0.474 | | Age group (years) | | | | | 50–64 | 1.00 | — | | | ≥65 | 0.87 | 0.30–2.51 | 0.791 | | Race/ethnicity | | | | | Other | 1.00 | — | | | Non-Hispanic white | 0.35 | 0.10–1.21 | 0.096 | | Marital status | | | | | Divorced, widowed, separated, or never married | 1.00 | — | | | Married or living with a partner | 0.73 | 0.20–2.63 | 0.625 | | Gender | | | | | Male | 1.00 | — | | | Female | 0.78 | 0.30–2.06 | 0.621 | | Weight status | | | | | Overweight | 1.00 | — | | | Obese | 1.30 | 0.52–3.26 | 0.570 | | Health condition | | | | | Poor to fair | 1.00 | — | | | Good | 3.13 | 0.47–20.67 | 0.237 | | Very good to excellent | 6.87 | 0.96–49.33 | 0.055 | | Someone to walk with | | | | | No | 1.00 | — | | | Yes | 0.51 | 0.19–1.38 | 0.183 | | Dog in household | | | | | No | 1.00 | — | | | Yes | 2.07 | 0.87–4.90 | 0.098 | | Has caregiving responsibilities for elders | | | | | No | 1.00 | — | | | Yes | 0.64 | 0.17–2.33 | 0.495 | | Walk Score | | | | | Less walkable | 1.00 | — | | | Walkable | 1.71 | 0.40–7.27 | 0.467 |
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. Likelihood Ratio Chi2 = 53.33 (). Pseudo . Boldface indicates statistical significance (; ). Counter-intuitive association.
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