FTO rs9939609 Does Not Interact with Physical Exercise but Influences Basal Insulin Metabolism in Brazilian Overweight and Obese Adolescents
Table 2
Models of multiple regression analysis before and after the physical exercise, with difference values in children and adolescents who are overweight/obese and normal weight.
Overweight and obese
Dependent variable
Independent variables considered
Before ()
After ()
Difference ()
β ± SD
β ± SD
β ± SD
Glucose (mg/dl)
Genotype
0.06 ± 0.06
0.36
0.26 ± 0.09
0.003
−0.03 ± 0.09
0.76
Age
0.07 ± 0.06
0.28
−0.03 ± 0.09
0.74
0.08 ± 0.09
0.35
Sex
−0.06 ± 0.06
0.36
0.16 ± 0.09
0.07
−0.07 ± 0.09
0.42
BMI Z-score (kg/m2)
0.08 ± 0.06
0.20
0.11 ± 0.09
0.23
−0.23 ± 0.09
0.01
Type of physical exercise
—
—
−0.08 ± 0.09
0.38
−0.17 ± 0.09
0.07
Insulin (uIU/ml)
Genotype
−0.13 ± 0.06
0.04
−0.19 ± 0.09
0.03
−0.004 ± 0.10
0.97
Age
0.16 ± 0.07
0.01
0.24 ± 0.09
0.01
−0.03 ± 0.10
0.79
Sex
0.17 ± 0.06
0.009
0.11 ± 0.09
0.24
0.13 ± 0.10
0.20
BMI Z-score (kg/m2)
0.35 ± 0.07
10–4
0.36 ± 0.09
0.0002
−0.0008 ± 0.10
0.99
Type of physical exercise
—
—
0.32 ± 0.09
0.0005
0.05 ± 0.10
0.60
HOMA-IR
Genotype
−0.24 ± 0.09
0.01
Age
0.14 ± 0.10
0.14
Sex
0.16 ± 0.09
0.09
BMI Z-score (kg/m2)
0.27 ± 0.10
0.006
Type of physical exercise
—
—
QUICKI
Genotype
0.12 ± 0.09
0.20
Age
0.05 ± 0.1
0.59
Sex
−0.27 ± 0.09
0.004
BMI Z-score (kg/m2)
−0.38 ± 0.10
0.0002
Type of physical exercise
—
—
Normal weight ()
Dependent variable
Independent variables considered
β ± SD
Glucose (mg/dl)
Genotype
−0.07 ± 0.08
0.37
Age
−0.04 ± 0.08
0.58
Sex
−0.24 ± 0.08
0.002
BMI Z-score (kg/m2)
0.02 ± 0.08
0.82
Insulin (uIU/ml)
Genotype
−0.06 ± 0.07
0.39
Age
−0.03 ± 0.07
0.73
Sex
0.39 ± 0.07
10–4
BMI Z-score (kg/m2)
0.10 ± 0.07
0.18
HOMA-IR
Genotype
−0.12 ± 0.09
0.17
Age
0.17 ± 0.09
0.06
Sex
0.20 ± 0.09
0.02
BMI Z-score (kg/m2)
0.02 ± 0.09
0.79
QUICKI
Genotype
0.09 ± 0.11
0.42
Age
0.19 ± 0.11
0.09
Sex
−0.14 ± 0.11
0.21
BMI Z-score (kg/m2)
−0.04 ± 0.11
0.70
HOMA-IR: homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance; QUICKI: quantitative insulin sensitivity check index; β: regression coefficient; SD: standard deviation; Genotype: TT + AT and AA (recessive model). HOMA-IR and QUICKI after physical exercise and differences values have no sufficient variance for the regression analysis; therefore, no results are displayed.
