The Association of Having a Late Dinner or Bedtime Snack and Skipping Breakfast with Overweight in Japanese Women

Table 4

Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of overweight/obesity according to combinations of having a late dinner or a bedtime snack and skipping breakfast.

	Having late dinner or bedtime snack/skipping breakfast
	No/no	Yes/no	No/yes	Yes/yes
No. of participants	13,073	4,955	915	744
No. of overweight participants	1,522	778	132	128
Age-adjusted OR (95% CI)	1.00	1.47 (1.34–1.62)	1.37 (1.13–1.66)	1.76 (1.44–2.14)
Multivariable OR (95% CI)	1.00	1.45 (1.32–1.60)	1.32 (1.08–1.61)	1.63 (1.33–2.00)

Overweight was defined as a body mass index of 25 kg/m² or greater. Multivariable OR was adjusted for age, exercise habit, smoking status, sleep duration, and employment status.