Changes in Circulating BDNF in relation to Sex, Diet, and Exercise: A 12-Week Randomized Controlled Study in Overweight and Obese Participants

Table 2

Baseline, week 12, change, and percentage change values for BDNF in EXO, DIO, and DEX according to sex.

EXO

DIO

DEX

Female

Male

Female

Male

Female

Male

BDNF (ng/mL)

Baseline

21.8 ± 6.7

17.8 ± 6

23.2 ± 8.9

16.9 ± 6.4

20.6 ± 7.3

14.5 ± 5

Week 12

16.1 ± 4.2

12.1 ± 2.6

15.0 ± 7.3

14.0 ± 5.1

12.8 ± 4.8

12.7 ± 4.9

Change

−5.7 ± 7.1

0.08

−5.6 ± 6.1

0.026

−8.2 ± 8.9

0.035

−2.9 ± 7.2

0.368

−7.8 ± 6.8

0.003

−1.8 ± 6.2

0.409

% change

−22.4 ± 24.3

0.08

−22.1 ± 34.9

0.026

−29.9 ± 31.0

0.035

−4.2 ± 45.6

0.368

−32.5 ± 27.0

0.003

−5.8 ± 39.1

0.409

Data are presented as mean ± SD. Significant difference from baseline to week 12, in absolute values (); significant difference from baseline to week 12, in absolute values (). BMI: body mass index; HOMA: homeostatic model assessment; BDNF: brain-derived neurotrophic factor; : value. Paired-sample t-test was performed to test for significant change from baseline to week 12. Independent t-test was performed to test for sex difference.