Journal of Obesity

Research Article

Predictors of One-Year Change in How Youth Perceive Their Weight

Table 3

GEE model results for predictors of youth perceiving their weight as “underweight” in Year 4 (2015/2016) of the COMPASS study among grade 9–12 students with Year 3 (2014/2015) WPs of “about the right weight.”


	Females (N = 5062)			Males (N = 4557)
	OR	95% CI	value	OR	95% CI	value

WP: underweight (ref.: about the right weight)

Covariates
Grade (9–12 continuous)	1.05	0.90, 1.22	0.5329	0.91	0.81, 1.02	0.0921
Ethnicity (white vs. nonwhite)	0.92	0.69, 1.24	0.6037	1.07	0.86, 1.34	0.5423
BMI category (ref.: “normal weight” BMI)^a
Underweight BMI	6.30	3.06, 12.95	<0.0001	3.16	1.71, 5.85	0.0002
Overweight/obesity BMI	0.06	0.01, 0.40	0.0035	0.22	0.14, 0.32	<0.0001
Missing BMI	0.69	0.47, 1.00	0.0507	0.85	0.65, 1.12	0.2595

Physical activity (yes vs. no)
Met MVPA guidelines^b	1.07	0.83, 1.38	0.6171	0.92	0.79, 1.08	0.3052
Met resistance exercise guidelines^b	1.03	0.75, 1.40	0.8758	0.77	0.64, 0.92	0.0040
Varsity sports	0.66	0.48, 0.91	0.0109	0.98	0.75, 1.27	0.8604
School-organized PA/intramurals	0.99	0.67, 1.47	0.9510	1.07	0.86, 1.33	0.5530
League/team sports outside of school	0.72	0.54, 0.95	0.0222	0.98	0.81, 1.20	0.8576

Bullying victimization (yes, in the last 30 days vs. no)
Physical attacks	1.38	0.52, 3.65	0.5130	1.26	0.68, 2.34	0.4617
Verbal attacks	1.48	0.99, 2.23	0.0567	1.32	0.95, 1.84	0.1020
Cyber-attacks	0.78	0.42, 1.42	0.4118	1.05	0.60, 1.84	0.8710
Stolen/damaged belongings	1.50	0.60, 3.76	0.3878	1.42	0.80, 2.53	0.2307

Screen time (≤2 hours/day vs. >2 hours/day)
Watching TV/movies	1.06	0.80, 1.40	0.6817	0.92	0.79, 1.07	0.2749
Playing video/computer games	0.62	0.45, 0.87	0.0053	0.85	0.67, 1.08	0.1800
Talking on the phone	0.74	0.53, 1.04	0.0803	0.89	0.67, 1.19	0.4473
Surfing the Internet	0.88	0.65, 1.18	0.3852	0.94	0.78, 1.13	0.4808
Texting/messaging/emailing	0.73	0.56, 0.95	0.0204	0.88	0.72, 1.06	0.1826

The values in bold represent statistically significant results (p<0.05). All models were adjusted for school clustering. WP = weight perception; PA = physical activity; MVPA = moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; GEE = General Estimating Equations; BMI = body mass index; BMI classification based on self-reported height and weight and age- and sex-adjusted cutoffs. ^bBased on PA guidelines for youth doing at least 60 minutes of MVPA per day on average and strengthening exercises at least 3 days a week.