Proteomic and Metabolomic Characterization of Metabolically Healthy Obesity: A Descriptive Study from a Swedish Cohort

Table 1

Descriptive comparison and significance testing for MHO (n = 143) compared to MUO subjects (n = 273) and MHO compared to NOC subjects (n = 3,027), with standard deviation (SD) or percentage (%) for metric and categorical variables, respectively.

Variable	MHO (N = 143)	MUO (N = 273)		NC (N = 3027)
Age (years)	57.7 (5.7)	59.1 (5.9)	0.02	57.4 (6.0)	0.50
Sex (% women)	65.7	65.6	0.97	59.2	0.11
BMI (kg/m^2)	32.2 (2.3)	33.4 (3.34)	<0.001	24.6 (2.8)	<0.001
Waist (cm)	97.0 (12)	99.5 (12)	0.04	80.9 (11)	<0.001
SBP (mmHg)	150 (19)	148 (19)	0.51	140 (19)	<0.001
DBP (mmHg)	90.9 (9.7)	91.0 (9.4)	0.90	86.1 (9.2)	<0.001
Smoker (%)	21.1	15.8	0.19	27.6	0.07
AHT drug (%)	19.6	37.7	<0.001	14.1	0.11
Glucose (mmol/L)	5.53 (1.4)	5.90 (1.9)	0.03	5.09 (1.2)	<0.001
HbA1c (%)	5.11 (0.82)	5.29 (1.0)	0.054	4.88 (0.68)	0.001
HOMA-IR	3.66 (7.5)	3.81 (4.0)	0.82	1.67 (1.9)	0.002
TG (mmol/L)	1.57 (0.72)	1.75 (0.80)	0.02	1.25 (0.60)	<0.001
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.27 (0.32)	1.20 (0.28)	0.03	1.43 (0.38)	<0.001
LDL-C (mmol/L)	4.35 (1.1)	4.35 (1.1)	0.99	4.13 (0.97)	0.02
CRP (mg/L)	0.39 (0.50)	0.41 (0.44)	0.74	0.23 (0.40)	<0.001
MetS (%)	49.7	61.5	0.03	13.6	<0.001

AHT: antihypertensive treatment; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; SBP: systolic blood pressure: HbA1c: glycated haemoglobin; HOMA-IR: homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance; CRP: C-reactive protein; MetS: metabolic syndrome.