The Association between Unhealthy Food Consumption and Impaired Glucose Metabolism among Adults with Overweight or Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Indonesian Population

Table 2

There is an association between the dietary patterns of specific food groups and IFG.

Food groups	Model 1^a			Model 2^b			Model 3^c			Model 4^d			Model 5^e
	OR	95% CI		OR	95% CI		OR	95% CI		OR	95% CI		OR	95% CI
Sweet foods
Rare	1			1			1			1			1
Frequent	1.099	1.019–1.186	0.015	1.153	1.047–1.268	0.004	1.152	1.047–1.268	0.004	1.153	1.047–1.268	0.004	1.148	1.042–1.264	0.005
Salty foods
Rare	1			1			1			1			1
Frequent	0.978	0.888–1.077	0.653	0.978	0.888–1.078	0.657	0.978	0.888–1.078	0.657	0.979	0.888–1.078	0.660	1.003	0.909–1.106	0.960
High-fat foods
Rare	1			1			1			1			1
Frequent	1.010	0.922–1.106	0.831	1.007	0.919–1.103	0.883	1.011	0.923–1.107	0.814	1.008	0.920–1.104	0.866	1.024	0.933–1.122	0.621
Grilled foods
Rare	1			1			1			1			1
Frequent	1.344	1.052–1.718	0.018	1.350	1.056–1.725	0.017	1.337	1.046–1.708	0.020	1.342	1.050–1.716	0.019	1.347	1.051–1.727	0.019
Processed foods
Rare	1			1			1			1			1
Frequent	1.657	1.261–2.178	≤0.001	1.650	1.255–2.169	≤0.001	1.655	1.259–2.175	≤0.001	1.648	1.254–2.166	≤0.001	1.729	1.311–2.280	≤0.001
Fruits and vegetables
Sufficient	1			1			1			1			1
Deficient	1.153	0.978–1.359	0.091	1.142	0.968–1.346	0.115	1.147	0.973–1.353	0.102	1.136	0.964–1.340	0.129	1.146	0.970–1.354	0.109

^aUnadjusted; ^badjusted for BMI; ^cadjusted for physical activity; ^dadjusted for BMI and physical activity; ^eadjusted for BMI, physical activity, age, and gender; significant, .