Comparison of Newly Diagnosed Ocular Hypertension and Open-Angle Glaucoma: Ocular Variables, Risk Factors, and Disease Severity

Table 3

Summary of optic nerve head examination findings.

Variable	OAG	OH	Mean difference^a	𝑃-value^b
	𝑁=292	𝑁=113	(95% CI)
Mean C/D ratio^c ± SD	0.7±0.2	0.4±0.2	0.3 (0.3, 0.3)	<0.0001
Localized notch or thinning of the neuroretinal rim, 𝑛 (%)^d	191 (65.4)	6 (5.4)	33.3 (14.2, 78.7)	<0.0001
Presence of nerve fiber layer defect, 𝑛 (%)^d	55 (18.8)	0 (0.0)	Infinite (Infinite)	<0.0001
Presence of peripapillary atrophy, 𝑛 (%)^d	115 (39.4)	17 (15.2)	3.6 (2.1, 6.4)	<0.0001
Presence of optic disc hemorrhage, 𝑛 (%)^d	15 (5.1)	1 (0.9)	6.0 (0.8, 46.1)	0.082
Diffuse or localized area of pallor, 𝑛 (%)^d	17 (5.8)	0 (0.0)	Infinite (Infinite)	0.005
Large disc size, 𝑛 (%)	40 (13.7)	7 (6.2)	2.4 (1.0, 5.5)	0.035

Abbreviations: C/D: cup-to-disc; CI: confidence interval; 𝑛: number of subjects; OAG: open-angle glaucoma; OH: ocular hypertension; SD: standard deviation.
^aMean differences calculated as OAG-OH.
^bSignificance of differences between the OAG and OH groups was tested using the chi-square test for categorical data and the t-test for continuous data. Fisher’s exact test was used for categorical data when the expected marginal size was <5.
^cC/D ratio: mean of horizontal and vertical C/D ratios; if 1 of 2 was missing, the nonmissing value was used as the average.
^dMissing data for 1 subject in the OH group.