Clinical Study
Diagnostic Validity of Clinical Signs Associated with a Large Exophoria at Near
Table 5
Diagnostic validity for different test combinations using cut-offs derived from ROC analysis.
| | Tests | Cut-off used | Sensitivity
(CI 95%) | Specificity
(CI 95%) | LR+
(CI 95%) | LR−
(CI 95%) |
| | NPC recovery | NPC recovery ≥ 8.25 cm | 0.85
(0.69–1) | 0.82
(0.61–1) | 4.79
(1.69–14) | 0.19
(0.08–0.48) | | NPC recovery + BAF | NPC recovery ≥ 8.25 cm
BAF ≤ 8.25 cpm | 0.77
(0.59–0.95) | 1
(0.97–1) | NA | 0.23
(0.13–0.49) | | NPC recovery + BAF + NPC break | NPC recovery ≥ 8.25 cm
BAF ≤ 8.25 cpm
NPC break ≥ 5.35 cm | 0.73
(0.54–0.92) | 1
(0.97–1) | NA | 0.27
(0.15–0.53) | | NPC recovery + BAF +NPC break + MAF | NPC recovery ≥ 8.25 cm
BAF ≤ 8.25 cpm
NPC break ≥ 5.35 cm
MAF ≤ 8.25 cpm | 0.58
(0.37–0.79) | 1
(0.97–1) | NA | 0.42
(0.28–0.68) | | NPC recovery + BAF + NPC break + MAF + VF | NPC recovery ≥ 8.25 cm
BAF ≤ 8.25 cpm
NPC break ≥ 5.35 cm
MAF ≤ 8.25 cpm
VF ≤ 14.75 cpm | 0.42
(0.21–0.63) | 1
(0.97–1) | NA | 0.58
(0.42–0.82) | | NPC recovery + BAF +NPC break + MAF + VF + MEM | NPC recovery ≥ 8.25 cm
BAF ≤ 8.25 cpm
NPC break ≥ 5.35 cm
MAF ≤ 8.25 cpm
VF ≤ 14.75 cpm
MEM ≤ 0.63 D | 0.31
(0.11–0.50) | 1
(0.97–1) | NA | 0.69
(0.54–0.92) | | NPC recovery + BAF +NPC break + MAF +VF + MEM + NRA | NPC recovery ≥ 8.25 cm
BAF ≤ 8.25 cpm
NPC break ≥ 5.35 cm
MAF ≤ 8.25 cpm
VF ≤ 14.75 cpm
MEM ≤ 0.63 D
NRA ≤ 2.38 D | 0.27
(0.08–0.46) | 1
(0.97–1) | NA | 0.73
(0.58–0.95) |
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LR+: positive likelihood ratio, LR−: negative likelihood ratio, CI: confidence interval, NPC: near point of convergence, BAF: binocular accommodative facility, MAF: monocular accommodative facility, VF: vergence facility, MEM: monocular estimated method, NRA: negative relative accommodation, cpm: cycles per minute, D: diopter. NA: not applicable as the value tends to infinity.
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