Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Dry Eye Symptom in Mainland China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 2

The pooled prevalence of DES in mainland China with different populations and regions.

Variable	Number of articles	Case/total	Pooled estimate [95% CI] (%)	Heterogeneity (%)*	value	OR [95% CI]	value
General population	12	5579/41594	17.0 [9.9–27.4]	49.9	0.99
Gender
Male	9	1619/12025	15.6 [8.3–27.6]	49.8	0.99	1.00
Female	9	2278/12784	21.6 [14.0–31.9]	49.8	0.99	1.41 [1.31–1.52]	<0.001
Rural/urban
Rural	5	2485/9571	21.3 [9.2–41.9]	49.9	0.99	1.00
Urban	7	2499/19425	15.3 [10.6–21.8]	49.7	0.99	1.06 [0.97–1.17]	0.205
Northern/Southern
Northern	6	3338/24151	17.9 [6.6–40.0]	49.7	0.99	1.97 [1.78–2.04]	<0.001
Southern	6	2241/17443	16.1 [10.2–24.3]	49.8	0.98	1.00
Age
≤60 yrs	12	2294/14996	14.2 [8.7–22.3]	49.8	0.99	1.00
>60 yrs	12	1856/6904	34.4 [23.7–47.1]	49.6	0.98	3.49 [3.12–3.84]	<0.001
Area
Eastern	7	1753/13476	12.8 [7.3–21.4]	49.7	0.98	2.62 [2.32–2.95]	<0.001
Central	2	773/13386	10.3 [2.2–37.1]	49.8	0.99	1.00
Western	3	3053/14732	31.3 [10.1–65.0]	49.8	0.99	1.38 [3.39–11.47]	<0.001

CI: confidence interval. ORs: odds ratios. .