Epigenetic Modifications and Potential New Treatment Targets in Diabetic Retinopathy
Figure 1
Scheme of histone and epigenetic modifications. (a) Chromatin structure can be modified in 5 different ways: DNA methylation, histone modification, remodeling by chromatin-remodeling complexes, insertion of histone variants, and the effects of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). (b) Histone modifications such as H3 lysine-9 methylation (H3K9me) or H3 lysine-27 methylation (H3K27me) result generally in gene repression, whereas H3 lysine-9/14 acetylation (H3KAc) and H3 lysine-4 methylation (H3K4me) are generally activation marks.
