Retinal Vessel Diameters and Their Relationship with Cardiovascular Risk and All-Cause Mortality in the Inter99 Eye Study: A 15-Year Follow-Up
Table 1
Clinical characteristics of the study population.
Number of individuals
Individuals included
Individuals excluded
Age (years)
48 (8.0)
48 (8.4)
Males/females
442/466 (48%/52%)
28/34 (45%/55%)
NGT/IGT/DM
473/206/199 (54%/23%/23%)
37/10/12 (63%/17%/20%)
Smoker
282/339/209/71
26/14/17/4
(never, occasionally, ex, present)
(31%/38%/23%/8%)
(43%/23%/28%/6%)
Smoking (number of pack years)
5.0 (0.0–112.5)
8.0 (0.0–52)
Previous AMI (yes/no)
121/787 (13%/87%)
5/57 (8%/92%)
Family history of CVD (yes/no)
21/887 (2%/98%)
0/62 (0/199%)
HbAIc (mmol/mol)
5.9 (4.1–14.4)
5.9 (5.0–8.4)
Fasting p-glucose (mmol/L)
5.6 (3.0–20.9)
5.7 (4.4–14.4)
2-hour OGTT p-glucose (mmol/L)
6.9 (2.3–30.6)
6.4 (4.0–17.3)
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)
5.8 (1.1)
5.9 (1.2)
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)
1.4 (0.4)
1.4 (0.43)
Triglycerides (mol/L)
1.7 (2.4)
1.5 (1.0)
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)
3.6 (1.0)
3.8 (1.0)
BMI (kg/m2)
25.7 (17.5–53.4)
27.5 (17.6–45.9)
Waist circumference (cm)
103.4 (11.0)
102.6 (10.6)
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
136.0 (19.3)
139.1 (20.2)
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)
85.6 (12.0)
87.2 (13.2)
Central retinal artery equivalent diameter (CRAE) (µm)
163.3 (15.8)
170.3 (19.3)
Central retinal vein equivalent diameter (CRVE) (µm)
251.0 (20.9)
260.8 (25.5)
NGT: normal glucose tolerance, IGT: impaired glucose tolerance, and DM: diabetes mellitus (known and newly diagnosed). Values are given as means (SD) unless otherwise stated. Values are given as medians (interquartile range).
