| | Total (3054) | Group 1 (1202) | Group 2 (408) | Group 3 (610) | Group 4 (184) |
| | Gestational age, mean (min, max) | 39.3 (38.6, 40) | 39.3 (38.6, 40) | 39.3 (38.7, 40.1) | 39.3 (38.6, 39.7) | 39.4 (38.7, 40) | | Birth weight (g), mean (min, max) | 3200 (2950, 3480) | 3220 (2970, 3500) | 3185 (2930, 3432.5) | 3090 (2852.5, 3395) | 3200 (2970, 3400) | | Maternal age (years), mean (min, max) | 28 (25, 31) | 28 (25, 31) | 28 (25, 31) | 27.5 (25, 31) | 29 (25.8, 32) | | Duration of the first stage of labor (h), mean (min, max) | 5.4 (3.8, 7.8) | 5.7 (3.8, 8) | 5.2 (3.8, 7.4) | 4.8 (3.4, 6.8) | 4.8 (3.3, 6.6) | | Duration of the second stage of labor (h), mean (min, max) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.8) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.9) | 0.4 (0.3, 0.7) | 0.4 (0.2, 0.7) | 0.3 (0.2, 0.7) | | Biparietal diameter (mm), mean (min, max) | 94 (91, 96) | 94 (91, 96) | 94 (91, 96) | 94 (92, 95) | 94 (91, 96) | | Amniotic fluid index (mm), mean (min, max) | 107 (88, 130) | 106 (86, 130) | 107.5 (90, 127) | 109 (89.3, 129.5) | 108 (92, 134.3) | | Anterior superior iliac spine diameter, mean (min, max) | 24 (24, 25) | 24 (24, 25) | 24 (24, 25) | 24 (24, 25) | 24 (24, 25) | | Iliac spine diameter, mean (min, max) | 27 (27, 27.5) | 27 (27, 27.5) | 27 (27, 27) | 27 (27, 28) | 27 (27, 27.1) | | Sacral shame diameter, mean (min, max) | 19 (19, 19) | 19 (19, 19) | 19 (18.5, 19) | 19 (18.5, 19) | 19 (18.5, 19) | | Ischial tuberosity diameter, mean (min, max) | 8.5 (8, 8.5) | 8.5 (8, 8.5) | 8.5 (8, 8.5) | 8.5 (8, 8.5) | 8.5 (8, 8.5) | | Gender—male, n (%) | 1636 (53.6) | 1237 (54.9) | 212 (52.0) | 95 (45.2) | 92 (50.0) | | Gender—female, n (%) | 1418 (46.4) | 1015 (45.1) | 196 (48.0) | 115 (54.8) | 92 (50.0) | | Mode of delivery (SVD), n (%) | 2117 (69.3) | 1363 (60.5) | 377 (92.4) | 204 (97.1) | 173 (94.0) | | Mode of delivery (CS), n (%) | 937 (30.7) | 889 (39.5) | 31 (7.6) | 6 (2.9) | 11 (6.0) | | Cesarean history, n (%) | 432 (14.2) | 401 (17.8) | 17 (4.2) | 7 (3.3) | 7 (3.8) | | Anemia, n (%) | 126 (4.1) | 93 (4.1) | 15 (3.7) | 6 (2.9) | 12 (6.5) | | Thalassemia, n (%) | 102 (3.3) | 75 (3.3) | 8 (2.0) | 10 (4.8) | 9 (4.9) | | Pregnancy induced hypertension, n (%) | 48 (1.6) | 40 (1.8) | 3 (0.7) | 2 (1.0) | 3 (1.6) | | GDM, n (%) | 217 (7.1) | 168 (7.5) | 29 (7.1) | 11 (5.2) | 9 (4.9) | | Birth canal laceration, n (%) | 1328 (43.5) | 836 (37.1) | 240 (58.8) | 134 (63.8) | 118 (64.1) | | Preeclampsia, n (%) | 71 (2.3) | 57 (2.5) | 9 (2.2) | 2 (0.9) | 3 (1.6) | | Eclampsia, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | | Uterine inertia, n (%) | 206 (6.7) | 155 (6.9) | 25 (6.1) | 17 (8.1) | 9 (4.9) | | Emergency birth, n (%) | 82 (2.7) | 53 (2.3) | 13 (3.2) | 11 (5.2) | 5 (2.7) | | Polyhydramnios, n (%) | 18 (0.6) | 14 (0.6) | 2 (0.5) | 1 (0.5) | 1 (0.5) | | Oligohydramnios, n (%) | 90 (2.9) | 69 (3.1) | 12 (2.9) | 7 (3.3) | 2 (1.1) | | Postpartum hemorrhage, n (%) | 74 (2.4) | 56 (2.5) | 12 (2.9) | 5 (2.4) | 1 (0.5) | | Premature rupture of membranes, n (%) | 535 (17.5) | 411 (18.2) | 58 (14.2) | 42 (20.0) | 24 (13.0) | | Placental abruption, n (%) | 7 (0.2) | 5 (0.2) | 2 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | | Cord around the fetal neck, n (%) | 866 (28.4) | 613 (27.2) | 130 (31.9) | 64 (30.5) | 59 (32.1) | | Intracranial hemorrhage, n (%) | 18 (0.6) | 4 (0.2) | 10 (2.5) | 0 (0) | 4 (2.2) | | Cranial hematoma, n (%) | 3 (0.1) | 3 (0.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | | NHB, n (%) | 841 (27.5) | 604 (26.8) | 116 (28.4) | 66 (31.4) | 55 (29.9) | | Maternal ABO blood group incompatibility, n (%) | 34 (1.1) | 26 (1.1) | 4 (1.0) | 2 (0.9) | 2 (1.1) | | Forceps, n (%) | 30 (0.1) | 21 (0.9) | 5 (1.2) | 2 (0.9) | 2 (1.1) | | IVF-ET, n (%) | 25 (0.8) | 22 (1.0) | 3 (0.7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
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