Research Article
A Novel Three-Dimensional Vector Analysis of Axial Globe Position in Thyroid Eye Disease
Table 1
The landmarks, reference points, and planes of the 3D coordinate system.
| | | Abbreviation | Definition |
| Landmark | Right porion | PoR | Highest midpoint on roof of the right skeletal external auditory meatus | Left porion | PoL | Highest midpoint on roof of the left skeletal external auditory meatus | Right orbitale | OrR | Lowest point on the right infraorbital margin | Left orbitale | OrL | Lowest point on the left infraorbital margin | Nasion | N | The point of contact between the frontal bone and suture between 2 halves of the nasal bones | Sella | S | The midpoint of the pituitary fossa of the sphenoid bone | Right lateral orbital point | LoR | The deepest point on the right lateral orbital rim | Left lateral orbital point | LoL | The deepest point on the left lateral orbital rim |
| Reference point | Middle point of porion | PoM | The middle point of the right and left porion | Middle point of orbitale | OrM | The middle point of the right and left orbitale | Middle point of lateral orbital point | LoM | The middle point of lateral orbital point |
| Reference plane | Frankfort horizontal plane (xy plane) | FH plane | Passing through PoR, PoL, and OrM | Midsagittal plane (xz plane) | MS plane | Passing through N and S and being perpendicular to the FH plane | Coronal plane (yz plane) | ā | Passing through LoM and orthogonal to the MS and FH plane |
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