Update on Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy: A Consensus Guideline of the Working Group of Ocular Health (Spanish Society of Diabetes and Spanish Vitreous and Retina Society)
Table 1
Recommended strategy for the control of DR taking into account the experience of the physician in performing funduscopic examinations and clinical status and comorbidities of diabetic patients.
Recommended action
(i) The doctor (e.g., general practitioner) has experience in fundus examination: systematic fundus exam to all diabetic patients at each consultation, with referral to the ophthalmologist once a year.
(ii) The doctor has no experience in fundus examination: referral to diabetic patients to the ophthalmologist after 5 years of diagnosis in type 1 diabetes and immediately after diagnosis in type 2 diabetes.
(iii) Increased controls in patients at risk: hypertension, proteinuria, dyslipidemia, and pregnancy.
(iv) Metabolic control of diabetes as strict as possible.
(v) Treatment of associated high blood pressure.
(vi) Healthy lifestyle, diet, and physical exercise.
