Five-Year Incidence and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type II Diabetes in a Tertiary Care Center in Lebanon

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of the study cohort.

Total sample
Age (years), mean ± SD	57.3 ± 10.9
Male, n (%)	179 (38.74)
Age at diagnosis (years), mean ± SD	49.36 ± 10.76
Duration of diabetes (years), median (IQR)	6.00 (9.00)
Family history of diabetes, n (%)	334 (72.29)
Consanguineous parents, n (%)	100 (21.65)
Current smoker, n (%)	141 (30.52)
Smoking (pack-years), median (IQR)	22.00 (25.00)
Coronary artery disease, n (%)	108 (23.37)
Cerebrovascular disease, n (%)	20 (4.33)
Peripheral vascular disease, n (%)	86 (18.61)
Neuropathy, n (%)	173 (37.45)
Body mass index (kg/m^2), mean ± SD	30.41 ± 5.62
HbA1c, n (%)	8.52 ± 2.06
Serum creatinine (mg/dL), median (IQR)	0.80 (0.30)
Urine microalbuminuria, positive, n (%)	160 (34.63)
Urine macroalbuminuria, positive, n (%)	50 (10.82)
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg), mean ± SD	129.24 ± 16.15
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg), mean ± SD	79.59 ± 9.57
Duration of hypertension (years), median (IQR)	1.00 (5.00)
Cholesterol (mg/dL), mean ± SD	201.22 ± 49.70
HDL (mg/dL), mean ± SD	44.22 ± 13.58
LDL (mg/dL), mean ± SD	118.72 ± 37.37
Triglycerides (mg/dL), median (IQR)	156.00 (107.00)