Refraction and Ocular Biometry of Preschool Children in Shanghai, China

Table 4

Prevalence of refractive errors among 3- to 6-year-old Chinese children in Shanghai.

		Myopia; (SE ≤ −0.50 D)			Emmetropia; (−0.50 D < SE < 0.50 D)			Mild hyperopia; (0.50 D ≤ SE < 2.00 D)			Hyperopia; (SE ≥ 2.00 D)
Variable	Number	Number	%	95% confidence interval	Number	%	95% confidence interval	Number	%	95% confidence interval	Number	%	95% confidence interval
Age (years)
3	481	17	3.5	2.1–5.2	67	13.9	11.0–17.5	337	70.1	65.7–74.2	60	12.5	9.6–15.6
4	1030	32	3.1	2.0–4.2	109	10.6	8.8–12.5	729	70.8	68.1–73.5	160	15.5	13.4–17.8
5	1047	39	3.7	2.6–4.9	95	9.1	7.4–10.9	746	71.3	68.5–74.0	167	16	13.8–18.3
6	293	17	5.8	3.4–8.5	34	11.6	8.2–15.4	207	70.6	65.2–75.8	35	11.9	8.2–15.7
value		0.194			0.038			0.972			0.139
Gender
Boy	1507	65	4.3	3.3–5.4	184	12.2	10.5–13.7	1072	71.1	68.9–73.5	186	12.3	10.7–14.0
Girl	1344	40	3	2.1–3.9	121	9.0	7.4–10.6	947	70.5	68.2–73.0	236	17.6	15.6–19.6
value		0.058			0.006			0.693			<0.001
District
Jiading	1801	37	2.1	1.4–2.8	160	8.9	7.7–10.2	1332	74	72.0–75.8	272	15.1	13.5–16.8
Xuhui	1050	68	6.5	5.0–8.0	145	13.8	11.7–16.0	687	65.4	62.5–68.3	150	14.3	12.3–16.5
value		<0.001			<0.001			<0.001			0.554
All	2851	105	3.7	3.0–4.4	305	10.7	9.5–11.9	2019	70.8	69.2–72.5	422	14.8	13.6–16.1