The Relationship between Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Ocular Circulation in Type-2 Diabetes

Table 2

Multiple logistic regression analysis of factors independently contributing to mild NPDR.

Variables		Adjusted OR (95% CI)	value
Dependent	Independent
Presence of mild NPDR	Age (years)	0.96 (0.92–0.99)	0.032
	Sex (M/F)	1.99 (0.58–6.82)	0.276
	HbA1c (%)	1.05 (0.80–1.38)	0.740
	Duration of DM (year)	1.11 (1.03–1.20)	0.006
	DBP (mmHg)	0.93 (0.88–0.99)	0.025
	Heart rate (/min)	1.07 (1.02–1.12)	0.004
	IMT-Cmax (mm)	8.65 (1.95–38.4)	0.005
	CMT (µm)	1.03 (1.01–1.05)	0.007
	Creatinine (mg/dl)	0.12 (0.01–1.64)	0.110
	MBR-A (AU)	0.92 (0.83–1.02)	0.134

Nagelkerke’s R² = 0.40. OR = odds ratio; NPDR = nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy; DM = diabetic mellitus; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; IMT-Cmax = maximum intima-media thickness of common carotid artery; CMT = central macular thickness; MBR-A = mean blur rate in the overall optic nerve head.