Journal of Ophthalmology

Research Article

Factors Related to Superior and Inferior Hemifield Defects in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

Table 2

Comparison of clinical characteristics between the superior hemifield and inferior hemifield defect groups.


	Superior visual field defect group	Inferior visual field defect group	value

Demographic factors
Age (years)	54.33 ± 13.31	58.85 ± 8.39	0.205
Sex: male/female	15 (37.5%)/25 (62.5%)	9 (33.3%)/18 (66.7%)	0.727
Family history of glaucoma: yes/no	9 (22.5%)/31 (77.5%)	5 (18.5%)/22 (81.5%)	0.694

Ocular factors
Visual acuity	1.18 ± 0.06	1.19 ± 0.04	0.340
Spherical equivalent (D)	−2.50 ± 2.78	−2.87 ± 2.15	0.711
Untreated IOP (mmHg)	15.57 ± 2.40	14.66 ± 1.97	0.107
CCT (μm)	524.13 ± 33.75	529.48 ± 34.70	0.385
DH: presence/absence	1 (7.5%)/39 (92.5%)	2 (7.4%)/25 (92.6%)	0.354
Disc area (mm²)	2.07 ± 0.45	2.00 ± 0.42	0.544
cpRNFL thickness corresponding to the defective hemifield (μm)	75.27 ± 8.02	79.83 ± 12.14	0.050
mGCC thickness corresponding to the defective hemifield (μm)	75.86 ± 9.44	81.27 ± 6.25	0.003

Perimetric parameters
MD (dB)	−3.30 ± 3.72	−2.07 ± 1.73	0.609
PSD (dB)	6.94 ± 4.81	5.90 ± 3.24	0.596
Average TD values corresponding to defective hemifield (dB)	−6.51 ± 7.34	−3.53 ± 2.53	0.371
Prevalence of defects within 10 degrees: yes/no	39 (97.5%)/1 (2.5%)	23 (85.2%)/4 (14.8%)	0.081
Prevalence of defects within 5 degrees: yes/no	22 (55.0%)/18 (45.0%)	4 (14.8%)/23 (85.2%)	0.001
Average TD values within 10 degrees corresponding to defective hemifield (C8) (dB)	−8.02 ± 8.55	−3.93 ± 4.99	0.066
Average TD values within 5 degrees corresponding to defective hemifield (C2) (dB)	−6.09 ± 9.37	−1.00 ± 5.16	0.002

Systemic factors
Hypertension: yes/no	8 (20.0%)/32 (80.0%)	7 (25.9%)/20 (74.1%)	0.568
Diabetes mellitus: yes/no	4 (10.0%)/36 (90.0%)	3 (11.1%)/24 (88.9%)	0.594

Continuous variables are expressed as N (percentage), mean ± SD, or percentage. Statistically significant differences between the superior hemifield defect group and inferior hemifield defect group () by the Mann–Whitney U-test for continuous variables or Fisher’s exact test for categorical data are indicated in bold. IOP: intraocular pressure, CCT: central corneal thickness, DH: disc hemorrhage, cpRNFL: circumpapillary retinal nerve ﬁber layer, mGCC: macular ganglion cell complex, MD: mean deviation, PSD: pattern standard deviation, and TD: total deviation.