Comparison of Anatomical and Visual Outcomes between Idiopathic and Myopic Macular Holes Using the Internal Limiting Membrane or Inverted Internal Limiting Membrane Flap Technique

Table 1

Preoperative characteristics of patients with MMH without RD undergoing ILM peeling or inverted ILM flap technique.

Variables	ILM peeling technique			Inverted ILM flap technique
	AL < 26 mm (n = 25)	AL ≥ 26 mm (n = 14)		AL < 26 mm (n = 15)	AL ≥ 26 mm (n = 12)
Sex
Men (n (%))	12 (48)	6 (43)	0.51	6 (40)	6 (50)	0.270
Women (n (%))	13 (52)	8 (57)		9 (60)	6 (50)
Age (years, median (IQR))	66 (60.7–74.5)	63 (59.2–72.2)	0.458	65 (58.5–71.5)	59.5 (56–67)	0.428
Eye
Right (n (%))	9 (36)	7 (50)	0.50	3 (20)	3 (25)	1.00
Left (n (%))	16 (64)	7 (50)		12 (80)	9 (75)
AL (mm, median (IQR))	23.69 (23.40–23.83)	30.09 (27.21–31.63)	0.001	23.29 (22.86–23.41)	28.7 (25.8–30)	0.001
AL >30 (%)		7 (50)			3 (25)
Refractive error (diopters, median (IQR))	−1 (−2 to 0.25)	−13.19 (−18 to −8.62)	<0.001	−1.25 (−2 to −0.12)	−9.5 (−13.8 to −7.3)	0.001
Posterior staphyloma (%)	0	11 (79)		0	5 (42)
Lens status
Phakic	3 (12)	0	0.540	1 (7)	5 (42)	0.060
Phakic intraocular lens	22 (88)	14 (100)		14 (93)	7 (58)
BCVA (logMAR, median (IQR))	0.4 (0.7–0.3)	0.6 (1–0.4)	0.119	0.8 (1.3–0.6)	0.45 (0.8–0.4)	0.001
BCVA (Snellen chart, median (IQR))	20/50 (20/100–20/40)	20/80 (20/200–20/50)		20/125 (20/400–20/80)	20/56 (20/126–20/50)
Macular hole
Minimum diameter (µm, median (IQR))	267 (125–324)	414 (294–559)	0.218	496 (362–633)	307 (170–453)	0.020
Chronic MH (n (%))	7 (28)	1 (7)	0.218	4 (27)	5 (45)	0.448

AL, axial length; BCVA, best-corrected visual acuity; ILM, internal limiting membrane; MH, macular hole.