Computer Vision Syndrome among Undergraduate Medical Students in King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Table 1

Association between risk factors and computer vision syndrome.

Variables	Groups	Computer vision syndrome				Total		value
		Positive		Negative
		N	(%)	N	(%)	N	(%)
Duration of studying	1-2 hours per day	99	87.6	14	12.4	113	100	0.001
	3-4 hours per day	192	95	10	5	202	100
	More than 4 hours per day	267	98.2	5	1.8	272	100
Taking breaks	Yes	506	94.9	27	5.1	533	100	1.0
	No	52	96.3	2	3.7	54	100
Frequency of taking breaks	Every 30 minutes or less	159	94.6	9	5.4	168	100	0.68
	Every 30–60 minutes	242	94.5	14	5.5	256	100
	Every 60 minutes or more	157	96.3	6	3.7	163	100
Distance from the screen	>Arm and forearm length	190	92.2	16	7.8	206	100	0.02
	<Arm and forearm length	368	96.6	13	3.4	381	100
Posture	Sitting	233	94.0	15	6.0	248	100	0.56
	Lying	20	95.2	1	4.8	21	100
	Both	305	95.9	13	4.1	318	100
Level of the screen	Below level of the eyes	329	94.5	19	5.5	348	100	0.60
	Same level of the eyes	216	95.6	10	4.4	226	100
	Above level of the eyes	13	100	0	0.0	13	100
Source of lightning	From the ceiling/wall	456	95.2	23	4.8	479	100	0.74
	Other sources; windows, desk lamp, or in a dark room	102	94.4	6	5.6	108	100
Brightness of the screen	Very bright	97	99.0	1	1.0	98	100	0.04
	Bright	247	92.9	19	7.1	266	100
	Dull or dark	214	96.0	9	4.0	223	100
Using screen filter/antiglare screen	Yes	74	96.1	3	3.9	77	100	1.0
	No	484	94.9	26	5.1	510	100

value statistically significant.