Epidemiology and Survival Outcomes for Eyelid Primary Malignant Melanoma: An Analysis of 1397 Cases in the SEER Database

Table 3

Multivariate cox proportional hazard regression analysis of prognostic factors for OS and DSS of patients with eyelid PMM.

Characteristics	OS		DSS
	HR (95% CI)	value	HR (95% CI)	value
Race		0.232		0.196
Others	Reference		Reference
White	0.825 (0.601–1.131)	0.232	0.515 (0.188–1.409)	0.196
Age, y		<0.001		<0.001
0–39	Reference		Reference
40–59	2.623 (1.387–4.960)	0.003	2.022 (0.887–4.608)	0.094
60–79	7.530 (4.072–13.926)	<0.001	1.823 (0.818–4.062)	0.142
80+	24.216 (13.038–44.976)	<0.001	3.707 (1.640–8.381)	0.002
Histology		0.054		<0.001
Malignant melanoma, NOS	Reference		Reference
LMM	0.809 (0.652–1.004)	0.055	0.243 (0.117–0.506)	<0.001
SSM	0.828 (0.656–1.046)	0.113	0.514 (0.299–0.884)	0.016
NM	1.192 (0.893–1.582)	0.234	1.531 (0.921–2.545)	0.100
AJCC stage		<0.001^∗∗∗		<0.001
I	Reference		Reference
II	1.602 (1.142–2.246)	0.006	3.738 (1.869–7.476)	<0.001
III	1.885 (1.277–4.051)	<0.001	5.397 (1.754–16.613)	0.003
IV	6.183 (3.158–12.104)	<0.001	22.570 (8.589–59.312)	<0.001
Stage at diagnosis		<0.001		<0.001
Localized	Reference		Reference
Regional	1.983 (1.497–2.628)	<0.001	4.540 (2.781–7.411)	<0.001
Distant	3.906 (2.277–6.701)	<0.001	13.520 (6.870–26.604)	<0.001
Metastasis at diagnosis		0.869		0.963
None	Reference		Reference
Distant	1.440 (0.370–5.614)	0.599	0.836 (0.130–5.381)	0.851
Surgery		0.361		0.520
No	Reference		Reference
Yes	0.866 (0.637–1.179)	0.361	0.821 (0.451–1.496)	0.520

HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; PMM, primary malignant melanoma; NOS, not otherwise specified; LMM, lentigo malignant melanoma; SSM, superficial spreading melanoma; NM, nodular melanoma; OS, overall survival; DSS, disease-specific survival; AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer. Bold letter indicates statistical significance compared with references (). ; ; .