Incidence and Risk Factors of Iatrogenic Retinal Breaks: 20-Gauge versus 25-Gauge Vitrectomy for Idiopathic Macular Hole Repair

Table 1

Clinical characteristic of patients with idiopathic macular hole for 20-gauge and 25-gauge groups.

Patient/eye characteristic	20 gauge (130 eyes)	25 gauge (55 eyes)	value
Age at surgery (y)	65.3 ± 8.3	65.0 ± 9.3	NS
Male/female (eyes)	56/74	26/29	NS
Lens status
Preserved (phakic)	4	0	NS^‡
PEA + IOL	116	46
Pseudophakic	10	9
Iatrogenic RB	48 (36.9%)	7 (12.7%)	0.0008
Postoperative RD	4 (3.1%)	4 (7.3%)	NS
Preoperative PVD	41 (31.5%)	15 (27.3%)	NS
Lattice degeneration	19 (14.6%)	4 (7.3%)	NS

Mean ± standard deviation;unpaired t-test; Fisher’s exact probability test; comparisons between surgery groups; NS: not significant; PEA + IOL: phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation; PVD: posterior vitreous detachment; RD: retinal detachment; RB: retinal break.