Prevalence of Heterophoria in Tibetan Grade-One Students: The Lhasa Childhood Eye Study
Table 4
Association of heterophoria with gender, amblyopia, ametropia, and anisometropia for grade-one students at near fixation in Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, China.
Exophoria
Esophoria
Orthophoria
n, %
OR (95% CI)
n, %
OR (95% CI)
n, %
Gender
Female
188 (22.46)
1
2 (0.24)
1
647 (77.30)
Male
223 (23.70)
1.08 (0.86–1.34)
0.51
5 (0.53)
2.27 (0.44–11.73)
0.33
713 (75.77)
Ametropia
Emmetropia
362 (22.75)
1
4 (0.25)
1
1225 (77.00)
Myopia
28 (41.18)
2.43 (1.47–4.00)
<0.01
1 (1.47)
4.89 (0.56–42.52)
0.15
39 (57.35)
Hyperopia
20 (16.95)
0.70 (0.43–1.16)
0.17
2 (1.69)
6.38 (1.15–35.28)
0.03
96 (81.36)
Amblyopia
Nonamblyopia
402 (22.92)
1
6 (0.34)
1
1346 (76.74)
Amblyopia
9 (37.50)
2.25 (0.92–5.01)
0.08
1 (4.17)
16.02 (1.81–141.96)
0.01
14 (58.33)
Anisometropia
Nonanisometropia
386 (22.88)
1
7 (0.40)
1
1328 (76.72)
Anisometropia
14 (30.43)
1.47 (0.78–2.78)
0.24
0 (0.00)
0
0.99
32 (69.57)
The prevalence of heterophoria was associative with corresponding factors.
