Toric Intraocular Lenses for the Management of Corneal Astigmatism at the Time of Cataract Surgery

Figure 4

Polar diagrams showing the preoperative corneal astigmatism (a), postoperative refractive positive cylinder (b), target-induced astigmatism vector (c), surgically induced astigmatism vector (d), difference vector (e), and correction index (f). These polar diagrams demonstrate a tendency for overcorrection of with-the-rule astigmatism and undercorrection for against-the-rule astigmatism.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)