Efficacy and Adverse Effects of Atropine for Myopia Control in Children: A Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials

Table 1

Characteristics and demographics of included studies.

Author (y)	Country	Follow-up, mos	Intervention group	Control group	N	Age (y)	Baseline refraction
Chua et al., 2006 [24]	Singapore	24	1% ATE	Placebo	156/190	6∼12	−1.00 D to −6.00 D
Diaz-Llopis et al., 2018 [25]	Spain	60	0.01% ATE	Placebo	100/100	9∼12	−0.50 D to −2.00 D
Hieda et al., 2021 [26]	Japan	24	0.01% ATE	Placebo	85/86	6∼12	−1.00 D to −6.00 D
Kumaran et al., 2015 [16]	Singapore	36	1% ATE	Placebo	147/166	6∼12	−1.00 D to −6.00 D
Saxena et al., 2021 [27]	India	12	0.01%ATE	Placebo	50/50	6∼14	−0.5 D to −6.00 D
Shih et al., 1999 [28]	Taiwan	24	0.5%, 0.25%, 0.1% ATE	Tropicanide	137/49	6∼13	−0.5 D to −6.75 D
Shih et al., 2001 [29]	Taiwan	18	0.5% ATE + multifocal	Multifocal	66/61	6∼13	Mean, −3.28 D
Tan et al., 2020 [30]	Hong Kong	12	0.01% ATE + OK lens	OK lens	29/30	6∼11	−1.00 D to −4.00 D
Tang et al., 2020 [31]	China	12	0.01% ATE	Placebo	63/63	8∼14	−0.50 D to −6.00 D
Tong et al., 2009 [32]	Singapore	36	1% ATE	Placebo	158/175	6∼12	−1.00 D to −6.00 D
Vincent et al., 2020 [33]	Hong Kong	6	0.01% ATE + OK lens	OK lens	25/28	6∼11	−1.00 D to −4.00 D
Wang et al., 2017 [34]	China	12	0.5% ATE	Placebo	63/63	5∼10	−0.50 D to −2.00 D
Wei et al., 2020 [36]	China	12	0.01% ATE	Placebo	76/83	6∼12	−1.00 D to −6.00 D
Yam et al., 2018 [13]	Hong Kong	12	0.05%, 0.025%, 0.1% ATE	Placebo	290/93	4∼12	<−1.0 D D
Yen et al., 1989 [35]	Taiwan	12	1% ATE	Placebo	32/32	6∼14	−0.5 D to −4.00 D
Yi et al., 2015 [15]	China	12	1% ATE	Placebo	68/64	7∼12	−0.50 D to −2.00 D
Zhao and Hao, 2021 [23]	China	12	0.01% ATE + OK lens or spectacles	OK lens or spectacles	40/40	5∼14	−1.00 D to −6.00 D

Y, year; mos, months; N, number; ATE, atropine; OK lens: orthokeratology lens; D, diopters; -, none.