Endophthalmitis following Intravitreal Injection, Cataract Surgery, and Vitrectomy: Clinical Features and Visual Outcomes

Table 4

Variable comparison and analysis of presumed endophthalmitis cases (n = 61) after cataract surgery and intravitreal injections (IVI) in Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João.

	Cataract surgery (n = 27)	IVI (n = 25)	value
Final VA (logMAR) [95% CI]	0,3 (0,2; 2,0) [0,2 to 0,9]	1,3(0,4; 3,0) [0,4 to 2,0]	0,336
Time until vitrectomy (days) [95% CI]	2,0 (1,0; 3,5) [1,0 to 3,0]	1,0 (1,0; 2,0) [1,0 to 2,0]	0,332
Vitrectomy
Yes [95% CI]	17 (63,0) [39,3 to 77,8]	23 (92,0) [78,5 to 100,0]	0,013
No [95% CI]	10 (37,0) [22,2 to 60,7]	2 (8,0) [0,0 to 21,5]
Comorbidities
Yes [95% CI]	12 (44,4) [25,9 to 71,8]	20 (80,0) [56,0 to 96,0]	0,008
No [95% CI]	15 (55,6) [28,2 to 74,1,7]	5 (20,0) [4,0 to 44,0]
Visual outcome
Poor outcome, n (%) [95% CI]	7 (25,9) [11,1 to 39,9]	11 (44,0) [24,0 to 67,0]	0,171
Good outcome, n (%) [95% CI]	20 (74,1) [60,1 to 88,9]	14 (56,0) [33,0 to 76,0]

Values are displayed as median (IQR) for continuous variables and number (%) for categorical variables. Comparisons were made with nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis test following Dunn–Bonferroni post hoc tests. The level of statistical significance was set at . Poor outcome was classified as VA worse than or equal than counting fingers (CF) and good outcome classified as VA better than CF. PPV = pars plana vitrectomy; IVI = intravitreal injection; VA = visual acuity; logMAR = logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution.