Manifestations and Virus Detection in the Ocular Surface of Adult COVID-19 Patients: A Meta-Analysis

Table 2

Characteristics of patients in studies included in the meta-analysis.

First author	Date in 2020	Type	Country	Study population	Number \of pts	Mean age	Collected s/s	Pts with ocular s/s	Positive ocular RT-PCR
Seah et al. [8]	Mar 24	P	Singapore	Hospitalized	17	37.0^†	OE	1 (5.9)	0 (0)
Hong et al. [9]	Apr 26	CS	China	Hospitalized	56	48.0	Q	15 (26.8)	1 (1.8)
Zhou et al. [10]	Apr 21	CS	China	Hospitalized	121	48.0^†	OE	8 (6.6)	3 (2.5)
Guemes-Villahoz et al. [11]	Aug 29	CS	Spain	Hospitalized	301	72.0^†	OE	35 (11.6)	NA
Wu et al. [12]	Mar 31	CS	China	Hospitalized	38	65.8	OE	12 (31.6)	2 (5.2)
Zhang et al. [13]	Apr 11	CS	Chia	Hospitalized	102	57.6	OE	2 (2.0)	1 (1.0)
Kumar et al. [14]	May 25	P	India	Hospitalized	45	31.3	NA	NA	1 (2.2)
Karimi et al. [15]	May 18	CS	Iran	Hospitalized	43	56.6	OE	2 (4.7)	3 (7.0)
Xie et al. [16]	Apr 26	P	China	Hospitalized	33	57.6	OE	0 (0)	2 (6.1)
Oncul et al. [17]	Aug 21	CS	Turkey	Hospitalized	359	58.5	Oph	16 (4.5)	NA
Atum et al. [18]	Jul 3	P	Turkey	Hospitalized	40	41.4	OE	10 (25.0)	3 (7.5)
Li et al. [19]	Sep 17	P	Hong Kong	Hospitalized	49	57.1	OE	0 (0)	4 (8.2)
Xia et al. [20]	Mar 12	P	China	Hospitalized	30	54.5	OE	1 (3.3)	1 (3.3)
Tostamann et al. [21]	Apr 25	P	Netherland	Healthcare workers	90	NA	Q	31 (34.4)	NA
Abrishami et al. [22]	Jun 22	CS	Iran	Hospitalized	142	62.6	SL	92 (64.8)	NA
Bostanci Ceran et al. [23]	Jun 6	CS	Turkey	Hospitalized	93	39.4	OE	20 (21.5)	NA
Chen et al. [24]	May 18	P	China	Hospitalized	535	44.0^†	Tel; Q	27 (5)^§	NA
Liang and Wu [25]	Mar 18	P	China	Hospitalized	37	NA	OE	3 (8.1)	1 (2.7)
Guan et al. [26]	Feb 28	R	China	Hospitalized and outpatient	1099	47.0^†	Charts	9 (0.9)	NA
Savastano et al. [27]	Dec 23	P	Italy	Hospitalized	50	69.6	OE	5 (10)	4 (8)
Alizadehsani et al. [28]	Nov 28	P	Iran	Patients	123	52.0	OE	2 (1.6)	NA
Dutescu et al. [29]	Nov 25	P	Germany	Hospitalized	18	66.3	OE	5 (27.8)	5 (27.8)
Boz et al. [30]	Nov 23	CS	Turkey	Hospitalized	50	58.3	SL	9 (18.0)^§	NA
Meduri et al. [31]	Nov 19	P	Italy	Hospitalized	29	77.1	Q; OE	10 (34.5)	0 (0)
Kaya et al. [32]	Sep 30	P	Turkey	Patients	32	52.8	OE	0 (0)	5 (16.0)
Hanege et al. [33]	Oct 23	CS	Turkey	Patients	38	48.8	OE	0 (0)	21 (55.3)
Pirraglia et al. [34]	Oct 15	CS	Italy	Hospitalized	43	70.0^†	OE	3 (7.0)^§	0 (0)
Cavalleri et al. [35]	Aug 17	CS	Italy	Hospitalized	172	64.2	Q; OE	40 (23.3)	NA
Schettino et al. [36]	Sep 30	P	Italy	Hospitalized	190	64.6	Q	17 (8.9)	NA
Mahmoud et al. [37]	Sep 15	P	Egypt	Hospitalized	28	51.8	OE; SL	10 (35.7)	8 (28.6)
Shemer et al. [38]	Sep 14	P	Israel	Hospitalized	16	58.7	OE	3 (18.8)	0 (0)
Lee et al. [39]	Sep 7	R	Korea	Hospitalized	103	47.4	Tel; photo	22 (21.4)	NA
Arora et al. [40]	Aug 31	CS	India	Hospitalized	75	55.7	OE	0 (0)	18 (24.0)
Rokohl et al. [41]	Aug 21	P	Germany	Hospitalized	108	37.9	Q	75 (69.4)	NA
Sindhuja et al. [42]	Jul 24	R	India	Hospitalized	127	38.8^†	OE	12 (9.4)	NA

Num: number; pts: patients; s/s: symptom/sign; P: prospective case series; CS: cross-sectional; R: retrospective case series; NA: nonapplicable; OE: ocular examination; Q: questionnaire; Oph: ophthalmoscopy; SL: slit lamp; Tel: telephone; including healthcare workers; ^†median age; ^§including conjunctivitis only.