Review Article

Manifestations and Virus Detection in the Ocular Surface of Adult COVID-19 Patients: A Meta-Analysis

Table 3

Clinical features of ocular manifestations among COVID-19 patients.

First authorNClassification of ocular s/s (number of pts)Pts with ocular s/s as the first s/s (n, %)Prop of pts with ocular s/s among those with severe pneumoniaProp of pts with ocular s/s among those with mild-mod pneumonia

Seah17Redness (1); chemosis (1)0 (0%)NRNR
Hong56Follicular conjunctivitis (15); redness (15); ocular pain (15); dryness (15); discharge (15); itching (15); foreign body sensation (15)6 (10.7%)9/32 (28.1%)6/24 (25%)
Zhou121Redness (3); itching (5); discharge (2); foreign body sensation (2); watering (3)NR7/58 (12.1%)1/63 (1.6%)
Guemes-Villahoz301Follicular conjunctivitis (35); redness (35); discharge (33); foreign body sensation (12); watering (15)NR10/65 (15.4%)25/236 (10.6%)
Wu38Follicular conjunctivitis (12); redness (12); discharge (12); chemosis (12); watering (12)1 (2.6%)8/15 (53.3%)4/23 (17.4%)
Zhang102Follicular conjunctivitis (2); redness (1); chemosis (1); watering (1)NRNRNR
Karimi43Follicular conjunctivitis (1); foreign body sensation (1)1 (2.3%)NRNR
ONcul359Conjunctivitis (10); redness (9); discharge (6); watering (5); photophobia (4); subconjunctival hemorrhage (5); chemosis (2)NR4/65 (6.2%)12/294 (4.1%)
Atum40Follicular conjunctivitis (10)NRNRNR
Xia30Follicular conjunctivitis (1)NR0/9 (0%)1/21 (4.8%)
Tostmann90Ocular pain (31)NRNRNR
Abrishami142Redness (23); itching (12); watering (33); foreign body sensation (4); periorbital pain (5); irritation (19)0 (0%)14/28 (50%)30/114 (26.3%)
Bostanci Ceran93Follicular conjunctivitis (8); redness (20); itching (13); watering (9); chemosis (3); discharge (6); photophobia (15); itching (13); burning sensation (7); foreign body sensation (5)NRNRNR
Chen535Redness (27); watering (55); itching (53); discharge (52); dryness (112); foreign body sensation (63); photophobia (16); blurred vision (68)4 (0.7%)NRNR
Liang37Follicular conjunctivitis (3); redness (3)NRNRNR
Guan1099Redness (9)NRNRNR
Savastano50Follicular conjunctivitis (5)NR2/16 (12.5%)2/34 (5.8%)
Alizadehsani123Follicular conjunctivitis (2)NRNRNR
Dutescu18Redness (5); chemosis (5)NR5/5 (100%)0/13 (0%)
Boz50Follicular conjunctivitis (9); watering (9); itching (8); photophobia (4); burning sensation (5); blurred vision (2)0 (0%)NRNR
Meduri29Foreign body sensation (3); ocular pain (3); dryness (2); watering (5); hyperemia (7); chemosis (1); discharge (2)0 (0%)NRNR
Pirraglia43Follicular conjunctivitis (3); redness (3); hypertensive retinopathy (4); AMD (2); DR (1); chorioretinitis (1)NR0/15 (0%)3/28 (10.7%)
Cavalleri172Follicular conjunctivitis (40); rendess (26); watering (23); foreign body sensation (17); itching (12); discharge (4); eyelid swelling (5)24 (14.0%)NRNR
Schettino190Nonspecific ocular symptoms (17)NRNRNR
Mahmoud28Follicular conjunctivitis (10); redness (10)NR7/15 (46.7%)1/13 (7.7%)
Shemer16Active conjunctival injection (3); irritation (5); foreign body sensation (5); discharge (1)5 (31.3%)NRNR
Lee103Redness (7); irritation (5); ocular pain (3); blurred vision (6); watering (2); itching (4)0 (0%)NRNR
Rokohl108Burning sensation (39); watering (37); redness (28); itching (20); eyelid swelling (15)NRNRNR
Sindhuja127Follicular conjunctivitis (8); redness (8); burning sensation (1); watering (1); eyelid swelling (1)3 (2.4%)NR12/127 (9.4%)

N: total number of COVID-19 patients; pts: patients; s/s: symptom/sign; Prop: proportion; mod: moderate; NR: not reported; including conjunctival congestion only.