Journal of Ophthalmology

Research Article

Secondary Full-thickness Macular Holes after Diabetic Vitrectomy: Clinical Manifestations and Rational Approaches to the Treatment

Table 1

Clinical characteristics of the patients with secondary macular hole after diabetic vitrectomy.


	Sex/Age	Diagnosis^a/ FVP grade/activity	Pre-op BCVA	Surgical techniques during DV	BCVA with MH	Pre-MH condition	Size/Interval of MH development (mos)	MHRD	MH surgery	MH closure;BCVA; Follow-up (mos)

1	M/54	2, 3/not available^c	20/100	1st: SOI^c 2^nd: SOR, ILMP	20/400	Foveal thinning, CME	313/0.5	−	Lens posterior capsular flap insertion, C₃F₈	+; 20/125; 48
2	F/50	1–3/3/active	20/630	1^st: FVPR, SOI 2^nd: SOR^b	20/200	ERM, LMH, CME, residual FVP, foveal thinning	308/0.75	+	ERMR, ILMP, inverted ILM flaps insertion, C₃F₈	+; 20/125; 19
3	F/68	1–3/3/active	ND50 cm	FVPR, C₃F₈, ILMP	HM1m	Anterior PVR, CME	1065/1.25	+	Perfluorocarbon-assisted retinectomy, neurosensory retinal free flap insertion, SOI	+; 20/400; 12
4	M/65	1, 2/2/active	20/400	FVPR, C₃F₈^b	20/1000	ERM	544/6.5	−	ERMR, ILMP, C₃F₈	+; 20/800; 9
5	F/54	2–4/3/active	HM20 cm	FVPR, C₃F₈, ILMP	20/200	ERM, LMH, CME	146/11	−	ERMR, ILMP, C₃F₈	+; 20/100; 6
6	M/58	2, 3/2/active	20/100	FVPR, SOI	HM60 cm	ERM, LMH	762/21	−	ERMR, ILMP, C₃F₈	+; ND20 cm; 6
7	M/53	1, 2/3/active	20/2000	FVPR	20/250	ERM, LMH, CME	209/76	−	ERMR, ILMP, temporal inverted ILM flap, C₃F₈^b	+; 20/63; 14
8	F/60	1–4/4/active	HM1m	1^st: FVPR, SOI; 2^nd: SOE, retinectomy, eSB; 3^rd: SOE, subfoveal fibrotic band removal^b	ND10 cm	ERM, LMH, anterior PVR, chronic RD, CME	453/12	+	SOE, ERMR, ILMP, subfoveal band removal, laser supplement at MH margin	+; ND20 cm; 6
9	F/53	2, 3/3/active	20/200	1^st: FVPR, SOI, eSB 2^nd: SOR, FVPR	ND10 cm	ERM	446/36	−	ERMR, ILMP, temporal inverted ILM flap, C₃F₈	+; ND20 cm; 3

^aDiagnosis: 1, VH; 2, FVP; 3, tractional RD; 4, rhegmatogenous RD; ^bcombined with cataract operation; ^cperformed at an outside hospital BCVA, best-corrected visual acuity; CME, cystoid macular edema; DV, diabetic vitrectomy; ERMR, epiretinal membrane removal; eSB, encircling scleral buckle; FVPR, fibrovascular proliferation removal; HM, hand motion; ILM, internal limiting membrane (ILMP, peeling); LMH, lamellar macular hole; MH, macular hole; ND, number of digits; Mos: months; PVR, proliferative vitreoretinopathy; RD, retinal detachment; VH, vitreous hemorrhage; SO, silicone oil (SOE, exchange; SOI, infusion; SOR, removal).