Distribution of Pupil Size and Associated Factors: Results from the Population-Based Gutenberg Health Study

Table 1

Association analysis of systemic parameters and pupil size. Data from the population-based Gutenberg Health Study in 2012–17 (n = 18, 176 eyes).

Parameters	Univariable			Multivariable
	B	95% CI	-value	B	95% CI	-value
Age	−0.02	−0.02; −0.02	<0.001	−0.02	−0.02; −0.02	<0.001
Sex (female)	0.04	0.02; 0.06	<0.001	0.02	0.00; 0.05	0.01
SES	0.02	0.02; 0.02	<0.001	0.00	0.00; 0.00	0.86
Diabetes	−0.23	−0.26; −0.19	<0.001	−0.07	−0.10; −0.03	<0.001
Obesity	−0.06	−0.09; −0.04	<0.001	−0.03	−0.05; 0.00	0.01
Arterial hypertension	−0.19	−0.21; −0.16	<0.001	0.02	0.00; 0.05	0.05
Smoking	0.08	0.05; 0.11	<0.001	−0.02	−0.05; 0.01	0.2
Spherical equivalent	−0.04	−0.04; −0.03	<0.001	−0.02	−0.02; −0.01	<0.001
Pseudophakia	−0.45	−0.49; −0.40	<0.001	−0.16	−0.21; −0.12	<0.001

B = regression coefficient, CI = confidence interval, SES = socioeconomic status, n = number of subjects.