Research Article
Vision-Related Quality of Life among Patients Attending the Diabetes and Eye Clinics in Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya
Table 4
Binominal logistic regression of general vision for all DM patients (N = 100).
| | Variables | Low overall QoL (n, %) | Good overall QoL (n, %) | Crude Odds ratio (95% CI) | value | Adjusted Odds ratio (95% CI) | value |
| | DR | | | | | | | | Yes | 26 (78.8) | 24 (35.8) | 6.6 (2.29–19.37) | 0.0001 | 5.8 (2.1–15.9) | 0.001 | | No | 7 (21.2) | 43 (64.2) | Reference | Reference | | | Age in years (mean, sd) | 60.1 (2.19) | 59.8 (1.70) | — | 0.938 | — | — | | Sex | | | | | | | | Female | 22 (66.7) | 39 (58.2) | 1.4 (0.6–3.5) | 0.457 | — | — | | Male | 11 (33.3) | 28 (41.8) | Reference | | Distance vision impairment | | | | | | | | Yes (VA worse than 6/12) | 22 (66.7) | 19 (28.4) | 5.1 (1.9–13.3) | 0.0003 | 4.3 (1.6–11.2) | 0.003 | | No (VA better or equal to 6/12) | 11 (33.3) | 48 (71.6) | Reference | Reference | | Diabetic macula oedema | | | | | | | | Yes | 10 (30.3) | 2 (4.5) | 9.3 (2.1–40.8) | 0.028 | 4.8 (1.1–21.3) | 0.037 | | No | 23 (69.7) | 67 (95.5) | Reference | Reference | | | Cataract in any eye | | | | | | | | Yes | 19 (57.6) | 22 (32.8) | 2.8 (1.1–6.7) | 0.018 | 2.6 (0.9–8.1) | 0.109 | | No | 14 (42.4) | 45 (67.2) | Reference | Reference | | Dry eye syndrome | | | | | | | | Yes | 30 (90.9) | 51 (76.1) | 3.1 (0.8–11.7) | 0.078 | — | — | | No | 3 (9.1) | 16 (23.9) | Reference | | | | Systemic comorbidity | | | | | | | | Yes | 24 (72.7) | 55 (82.1) | 0.6 (0.2–1.6) | 0.282 | — | — | | No | 9 (27.3) | 12 (17.9) | Reference |
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