A Longitudinal Study of the Effect of Genistein on Bone in Two Different Murine Models of Diminished Estrogen-Producing Capacity

Table 3

Bone length and mechanical strength of the femur and tibia of mice during ex vivo three-point testing.

Parameters, (units)	Treatments
	SHM	OVX	S + V	O + G	SVG	$P$-value
Right Femur	($n=11$)	($n=12$)	($n=8$)	($n=14$)	($n=9$)
Bone length, (mm)	$15.81\pm {0.02}^{\text{b}}$	$16.26\pm {0.02}^{\text{a}}$	$15.92\pm {0.02}^{\text{ab}}$	$16.22\pm {0.03}^{\text{a}}$	$15.76\pm {0.03}^{\text{b}}$	<.0001
Ultimate Force, (N)	$16.0\pm {0.3}^{\text{a}}$	$13.4\pm {0.3}^{\text{b}}$	$16.1\pm {0.6}^{\text{a}}$	$15.7\pm {0.5}^{\text{a}}$	$16.6\pm {0.3}^{\text{a}}$	<.0001
Failure Force, (N)	$12.1\pm {1.1}^{\text{a}}$	$5.8\pm {1.0}^{\text{b}}$	$9.6\pm {1.7}^{\text{ab}}$	$9.0\pm {1.1}^{\text{ab}}$	$11.7\pm {1.7}^{\text{a}}$	<0.010
Yield Force, (N)	$12.3\pm {0.6}^{\text{a}}$	$10.3\pm {0.4}^{\text{b}}$	$12.2\pm {0.4}^{\text{ab}}$	$11.9\pm {0.6}^{\text{ab}}$	$12.0\pm {2.6}^{\text{ab}}$	<0.001
Stiffness, (N/mm)	81.4 ± 1.4	75.8 ± 2.7	80.2 ± 3.1	83.0 ± 2.4	84.4 ± 1.2	NS
Energy to Ultimate Force, (mJ)	3.1 ± 0.1	2.7 ± 0.2	3.0 ± 0.2	3.0 ± 0.2	3.3 ± 0.1	NS
Left Tibia	($n=11$)	($n=15$)	($n=12$)	($n=18$)	($n=10$)
Bone length, (mm)	$18.08\pm {0.07}^{\text{bc}}$	$18.38\pm {0.06}^{\text{a}}$	$18.26\pm {0.03}^{\text{abc}}$	$18.33\pm {0.06}^{\text{ab}}$	$18.07\pm {0.04}^{\text{c}}$	<0.001
Ultimate Force, (N)	10.5 ± 0.2	9.8 ± 0.2	10.6 ± 0.2	10.4 ± 0.3	10.7 ± 0.4	NS
Failure Force, (N)	4.9 ± 0.9	3.7 ± 0.6	3.3 ± 0.3	4.5 ± 0.6	3.7 ± 0.8	NS
Yield Force, (N)	10.0 ± 0.2	9.1 ± 0.3	10.3 ± 02	9.9 ± 0.3	10.2 ± 0.4	NS
Stiffness, (N/mm)	36.2 ±1.1	35.8 ± 0.8	39.1 ±1.1	37.4 ± 0.8	38.5 ± 0.9	NS
Energy to Ultimate Force, (mJ)	2.0 ± 0.1	1.8 ± 0.1	1.8 ± 0.1	1.9 ± 0.1	1.9 ± 0.1	NS

Data represent the group means ± SEM. Different letters indicate means that are statistically different. NS indicates not significant. Samples that rolled on the supports during mechanical testing were eliminated from the analyses.