Mikkeli Osteoporosis Index Identifies Fracture Risk Factors and Osteoporosis and Intervention Thresholds Parallel with FRAX

Table 1

BMD and prevalence of risk factors (%) in the development patient cohorts.

	Development Cohort 1 (Fracture patients)		Development Cohort 2 (FPS)
	Age < 65 y, 𝑁=141	Age 65 y, 𝑁=159	Age 65–72 y𝑁=434
Age (mean, SD)	57 5 y	71 4 y	68 2 y
BMD-N	−0.9,0.3 ***	−1.6,0.9	−1.6,0.9
BMD-H	−1.2,0.4 ***	−1.5,0.9	−1.5,0.9
BMD-S	−1.4,0.9	−1.5,1.3	−1.5,1.3
	%	%	%
Osteoporosis	35***	40***	14
Osteopenia	47	49	47
BMD normal	18***	11***	39
Weight ≤ 57 kg	18***	13	8
Previous fracture		15
Family history of hip fracture or spinal osteoporosis	34***	15	14
Current smoker	18***	4	5
No regular exercise/walking	18*	16**	10
Shortening 5 cm	2	22***	4
Shortening 3-4 cm	14	26*	18
Use of arms to rise from a chair	11	18***	6

* 𝑃<.05, **𝑃<.01, ***𝑃<.001, significant difference against FPS cohort.
BMD-N: bone mineral density (T-score), femoral neck.
BMD-H: bone mineral density (T-score), proximal femur.
BMD-S: bone mineral density (T-score), spine L 2−4.
FPS: Fracture Prevention Study.