The Role of Purinergic Receptors in Cancer-Induced Bone Pain

Table 1

Overview of the experimental data on purinergic receptors involvement in cancer-induced bone pain.

Receptor	Species	Inoculation site	Cell type	Antagonist	Effect of cancer at peripheral sites	Effect of cancer at dorsal root or trigeminal ganglions level	Effect of cancer at spinal cord level	Behavioral; Tests	Effect of receptor inhibition on bone cancer pain-related behavior	References
	C3H mice	Into and around the calcaneus bone	NCTC 2472 fibrosarcoma cells		Increased expression (epidermis); (protein)			Mechanical		[41]
	Fisher rats	Subperiosteal tissue; of the lower gingiva	SCC-158 squamous cell carcinoma			Increased; expression (protein)		Mechanical; Thermal		[42]
	C3H/HeJ mice	Tibia	NCTC 2472 fibrosarcoma cells	A-317491; s.c. over tumoral mass				Thermal	Attenuation	[68]
P2X3, (P2X2/3)	Sprague-Dawley rats	Tibia	MRMT-1 mammary gland carcinoma cells	AF-353 (RO-4); i.t. or p.o.			Antagonist: reduction in hyperexcitability	Weight-bearing	Attenuation	[67]
	Wistar rats	Tibia	Walker 256 cell Breast carcinoma cell	A-317491 i.t. or s.c. with 𝛼,𝛽-me ATP		Increased; expression (mRNA and protein)		Mechanical; Limb use; Flinching	Attenuation	[70]
	C3H/HeN mice	Femur	NCTC 2472 fibrosarcoma cells	A-317491; s.c.				Weight-bearing; Limb use	Attenuation (early phase)	[69]
	Balb/cJ; mice	Femur	4T1 mammary carcinoma	A-317491; s.c.				Weight-bearing; Limb use	Attenuation (early phase)	[69]
P2X7	C3H/HeN mice	Femur	NCTC 2472 fibrosarcoma cells	A-438079; s.c				Weight-bearing; Limb use	No effect	[113]
	Balb/cJ; mice,; WT and KO	Femur	4T1 mammary carcinoma	A-438079; s.c				Weight-bearing; Limb use	No effect	[113]
P2Y1	Sprague-Dawley rats	Tibia	Walker 256 cell Breast carcinoma cell line	MRS2179; i.t.		Increased; expression (mRNA)	Increased; expression (mRNA)	Mechanical; Limb use	Attenuation	[120]

WT: wild-type mice, KO: knockout mice, s.c.: subcutaneous, i.t.: intrathecal, and p.o.: oral administration.