Dropouts and Compliance in Exercise Interventions Targeting Bone Mineral Density in Adults: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Table 1

Overall dropout and compliance results.

Variable^a	Studies	No. ES/P	𝑋 (95% CI)	𝑄(𝑝)	𝐼^2 (%)
(i) Exercise dropout	36	51/1855	0.21 (0.17, 0.26)	242.6 (<0.001)*	79.4
(ii) Control dropout	36	39/1442	0.16 (0.12, 0.21)	187.2 (<0.001)*	79.7
(iii) Compliance	23	31/1317	0.76 (0.72, 0.80)	90.0 (<0.001)*	66.7

^aOutcomes reported as proportions; No. ES/P: number of effect sizes and participants nested within ESs; Q(𝑝): Cochran’s 𝑄 statistic and alpha value; 𝐼² (%): 𝐼-squared; *statistically significant (𝑃≤ 0.05).