Site-Specific Volumetric Skeletal Changes in Women with a Distal Forearm Fracture
Table 3
Site-specific bone and muscle variables in the DFF cohort.
Control
Fracture
Mean difference (CI)
Difference %
Significance
Significance
n = 99
n = 104
T-test
ANCOVA
Mean (SD)
Mean (SD)
value
value
BMC total 4% (mg/mm)
97.3 (19.5)
84.8 (12.9)
−12.5 (−17.0 to −7.9)
13
<0.001
<0.001
BMD total 4% (mg/cm3)
309.2 (63.3)
256.8 (47.0)
−52.6 (−67.9 to 37.2)
17
<0.001
<0.001
BMD trabecular 4% (mg/cm3)
167.5 (43.3)
125.1 (31.7)
−42.4 (−52.9 to −31.9)
25
<0.001
<0.001
BMC total 66% (mg/mm)
89.8 (16.5)
81.4 (14.7)
−8.5 (−12.8 to −4.1)
9
<0.001
0.027
BMD cortical 66% (mg/cm3)
1120.8 (43.8)
1095.7 (55.7)
−25.1 (−39.0 to −11.2)
2
<0.001
0.007
aBMD UDR (g/cm2)
0.392 (0.079)
0.327 (0.060)
− 0.065 (−0.085 to −0.046)
17
<0.001
<0.001
aBMD 33% of radius (g/cm2)
0.782 (0.104)
0.731 (0.114)
−0.051 (−0.082 to −0.021)
7
0.001
0.18
CSA 4% (mm2)
319.8 (56.3)
336.4 (53.5)
16.6 (1.4 to 31.8)
5
0.033
0.037
CSA 66% (mm2)
130.3 (23.2)
134.3 (26.8)
4.0 (−3.0 to 10.9)
3
0.26
0.38
Cortical thickness (mm)
1.996 (0.401)
1.726 (0.409)
− 0.270 (− 0.382 to −0.158)
14
<0.001
<0.001
Periosteal circumference (mm)
40.3 (3.5)
40.9 (3.8)
0.6 (−0.4 to 1.6)
2
0.25
0.36
Endosteal circumference (mm)
27.8 (4.5)
30.1 (5.3)
2.3 (0.9 to 3.6)
8
0.001
0.009
SSIp (mm3)
264.1 (57.8)
253.0 (51.5)
−11.1 (−26.2 to 4.0)
4.2
0.15
0.30
SSIx (mm3)
141.9 (33.4)
134.6 (29.3)
−7.4 (−16.0 to 1.3)
5.2
0.12
0.25
SSIy (mm3)
150.6 (36.1)
142.1 (31.2)
−8.5 (−17.8 to 0.8)
5.6
0.10
0.22
Muscle area (mm2)
2630.4 (355.6)
2646.8 (370.8)
16.4 (−84.5 to 117.2)
1
0.75
0.24
Muscle density (mg/cm3)
74.1 (1.9)
73.7 (2.1)
0.5 (−1.0 to 0.1)
1
0.12
0.17
Values are depicted as mean with standard deviation (SD) and mean difference with confidence interval (CI). BMC and BMD: bone mineral content and density assessed by pQCT; aBMD: areal bone mineral density by DXA; UDR: ultradistal radius; CSA: cross-sectional area; ANCOVA: analysis of covariance (covariates: age, BMI, 25OHD, and femoral neck aBMD) Bisphosphonate use and femoral neck aBMD not included as covariates.
