Comparison of Naturally Conceived and IVF-DZ Twins in the Netherlands Twin Registry: A Developmental Study
Table 5
Number, mean and standard deviation (SD) for internalizing problems (int), externalizing problems (ext) and attention problems (AP) at age 3, 7, 10, and 12 years by rater (mother, father, teacher) for IVF/ICSI twins and matched NC twins.
IVF/ICSI twins
Matched NC twins
*
Mean
(SD)
Mean
(SD)
Age 3
int mother
2808
4.73
(4.0)
2777
4.48
(3.9)
0.040
int father
2029
4.40
(3.8)
1999
4.28
(3.7)
0.408
ext mother
2799
15.86
(9.6)
2776
15.40
(9.7)
0.147
ext father
2015
14.52
(9.0)
1992
14.50
(9.3)
0.893
Age 7
int mother
1850
4.91
(4.8)
1810
4.53
(4.8)
0.048
int father
1325
3.72
(4.0)
1274
3.47
(4.1)
0.211
int teacher
1130
5.20
(5.6)
1110
4.69
(5.2)
0.039
ext mother
1879
7.11
(6.3)
1830
7.20
(6.8)
0.721
ext father
1350
6.20
(5.8)
1288
6.32
(6.2)
0.686
ext teacher
1151
4.49
(6.8)
1130
4.51
(7.0)
0.969
AP mother
1888
2.95
(2.9)
1851
2.79
(2.9)
0.126
AP father
1354
2.49
(2.6)
1291
2.42
(2.6)
0.548
AP teacher
1152
5.90
(6.7)
1131
5.51
(6.2)
0.209
Age 10
int mother
993
5.16
(5.3)
899
4.96
(5.5)
0.514
int father
697
3.51
(4.1)
617
3.72
(4.8)
0.487
int teacher
877
5.57
(5.9)
821
5.05
(5.5)
0.101
ext mother
999
6.25
(6.0)
909
6.52
(6.6)
0.427
ext father
701
4.92
(5.0)
624
5.33
(6.1)
0.271
ext teacher
898
4.85
(7.8)
834
5.13
(7.5)
0.461
AP mother
1005
2.98
(2.9)
913
2.92
(3.1)
0.678
AP father
704
2.41
(2.6)
626
2.53
(2.8)
0.490
AP teacher
900
5.81
(6.5)
836
6.07
(6.8)
0.387
Age 12
int mother
974
4.60
(5.6)
966
4.52
(5.6)
0.759
int father
690
3.57
(4.5)
658
3.59
(4.6)
0.936
int teacher
392
4.80
(5.5)
355
4.67
(5.4)
0.807
ext mother
979
5.35
(6.0)
966
5.45
(6.3)
0.792
ext father
692
4.40
(5.3)
661
4.59
(5.4)
0.617
ext teacher
400
3.91
(6.5)
360
4.61
(8.6)
0.254
AP mother
988
2.60
(2.9)
972
2.73
(3.1)
0.395
AP father
692
2.28
(2.6)
669
2.34
(2.8)
0.749
AP teacher
402
5.37
(6.2)
360
5.44
(6.5)
0.923
Note: * value based on tests comparing IVF and matched NC groups.