The Heart-Placenta Axis in the First Month of Pregnancy: Induction and Prevention of Cardiovascular Birth Defects

Figure 1

Color Doppler (top left) and pulsed directed Doppler were used to obtain blood waveform patterns. Normal ventricular inflow and outflow (IF-OF) pattern is shown in top right. Locations of waveforms obtained for ductus venosus (DV), descending aorta (DA), and umbilical cord (UC) for umbilical artery (UA) and umbilical vein (UV) are indicated. Permission is granted for the modification of a figure from Merck Source Resource Library, an online Elsevier publication (http://www.mercksource.com).