The Impact of Maternal Obesity and Excessive Gestational Weight Gain on Maternal and Infant Outcomes in Maine: Analysis of Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System Results from 2000 to 2010
Table 4
Maternal predictors of excessive (≥4000 gms) versus normal birth weight.
Comparison
Odds ratio (95% CI)
Smoked before pregnancy only/never smoked
0.933 (0.752–1.159)
0.5335
Smoked before and during pregnancy/never smoked
0.445 (0.338–0.586)
<0.0001
Age
0.999 (0.984–1.015)
0.9480
First live birth/previous live birth
0.677 (0.583–0.786)
<0.0001
Not married/married
1.089 (0.892–1.329)
0.4008
Education ≤ 12 yrs/> 12 yrs
0.815 (0.684–0.971)
0.0221
Prepregnancy BMI
1.030 (1.020–1.041)
<0.0001
Annual HH income ≤ 20 k/> 20 k
1.161 (0.934–1.444)
0.1783
Urban or suburban/rural town or isolated rural
0.974 (0.846–1.121)
0.7097
Nonwhite/white
1.026 (0.626–1.681)
0.9204
Drank alcohol prior to pregnancy/did not drink alcohol
1.021 (0.876–1.189)
0.7902
Drank alcohol in last 3 months of pregnancy/did not drink
1.150 (0.883–1.496)
0.2995
Gestational age when being sure she is pregnant
1.005 (0.981–1.030)
0.6675
Gestational age at first prenatal visit
1.011 (0.990–1.032)
0.3152
Pregnancy weight gain < recommended/recommended
0.723 (0.568–0.921)
0.0087
Pregnancy weight gain > recommended/recommended
2.210 (1.886–2.589)
<0.0001
Logistic regression results with infant birth weight > 4000 gms as the dependent variable: compared to normal weight infants, infants are more likely to be born weighing > 4000 gms if their mother had a higher BMI or a gestational weight gain > recommended range. Babies were less likely to have a birth weight > 4000 gms if their mother smoked before and during pregnancy, was having her first live birth, had no education past high school, or had a gestational weight gain < recommended range.
