Early Pregnancy Serum Metabolite Profiles Associated with Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy in African American Women: A Pilot Study

Figure 1

Metabolic profiles of women with PE versus healthy controls. (a) Type 1 Manhattan plot, -log₁₀ vs. mass-to-charge ratio. features were found significant at value 0.05. No metabolites were significant by false discovery rate (FDR) value 0.20. Red dots represent those features upregulated in preeclampsia (PE), and the blue dots represent features that were downregulated in PE; the dashed line represents significance cut-off of value < 0.05. (b) Type 2 Manhattan plot, -log₁₀ vs. retention time, the majority of features had retention time below 2 minutes; the dashed line represents significance cut-off of value < 0.05. (c) 2-way hierarchical cluster analysis, PE is represented in green and healthy full term in red across the -axis; significant features are clustered on the -axis. (d) Principal component analysis. (e) Mummichog-enriched pathways at value < 0.05 represented by the green dotted line.

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