Early Pregnancy Serum Metabolite Profiles Associated with Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy in African American Women: A Pilot Study

Figure 2

Metabolic profiles of women with gestational hypertension versus healthy controls. (a) Type 1 Manhattan plot, -log₁₀ vs. mass-to-charge ratio. features were found significant at value 0.05. No metabolites were significant by false discovery rate (FDR) value 0.20. Red dots represent those features downregulated in gestational hypertension (gHTN), and the blue dots represent features that were downregulated in healthy full-term women; the dashed line represents significance cut-off of value < 0.05. (b) Type 2 Manhattan plot, -log₁₀ vs. retention time. Majority of features had retention time below 2 minutes; the dashed line represents significance cut-off of value < 0.05. (c) 2-way hierarchical cluster analysis. gHTN is represented in red and healthy full term in green across the -axis; significant features are clustered on the -axis; there is a clean separation seen between biological samples. (d) Principal component analysis. (e) Mummichog-enriched pathways at value < 0.05 represented by the green dotted line.

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