Measles and Pregnancy: Immunity and Immunization—What Can Be Learned from Observing Complications during an Epidemic Year

Table 1

Clinical features and outcome of 24 cases of women with measles in pregnancy (V: vaginal delivery; C: caesarean section; A: abortion/miscarriage).

Case

Symptoms of measles

Case

Age of the mother (years)

Pregnancy number

Fever

Rash

Rhinitis

Conjunctivitis

Cough

Adenopathy

Arthralgia

Arthritis

Gestational age at the time of admission for measles (week)

Gestational age at the time of delivery (week)

Type of birth

Outcome

Complications of measles

Notes and discharge diagnosis

MA

1

26

2

x

x

x

32

38

V

Live birth

No

MS

2

19

1

x

x

x

x

32

33

C

Stillborn

Pneumonia, respiratory failure, stomatitis, intrauterine death

Umbilical cord wrapped around the neck, premature childbirth

LF

3

38

1

x

x

x

x

x

39

39

V

Live birth

Keratoconjunctivitis, pneumonia, stomatitis

LA

4

37

2

x

x

x

x

15

15

A

Miscarriage

Pneumonia, diarrhea

Fibrosing alveolitis, dyspnea

FN

5

22

2

x

x

x

x

28

29

C

Live birth

Pneumonia, diarrhea, stomatitis, keratoconjunctivitis

Threat of premature labor

NF

6

24

1

x

x

x

x

x

11

11

A

Abortion

No

Blood loss, voluntary abortion

TA

7

18

2

x

x

x

x

26

28

C

Live birth

No

Premature childbirth

LM

8

23

2

x

x

x

x

16

38

V

Live birth

No

FG

9

29

1

x

x

x

x

19

39

C

Live birth

Liver dysfunction

Oligoidramnios, foetal distress

PC

10

17

1

x

x

39

V

Live birth

No

TS

11

35

3

x

x

39

C

Live birth

No

Threat of premature labor

PC

12

28

2

x

x

41

V

Live birth

No

UF

13

30

1

x

x

38

C

Live birth

No

Abnormalities of heart rate or of fetal heart rate

GA

14

30

1

x

x

x

x

6

32

V

Live birth

No

Chronic hepatitis

PA

15

34

1

x

x

x

x

x

28

32

C

Live birth

No

Premature rupture of membranes, diabetes mellitus, insufficient foetal development

RA

16

25

1

x

x

x

36

36

C

Live birth

Pneumonia

Hypertension, fever

DG

17

28

1

x

x

31

38

V

Live birth

No

SM

18

26

1

x

x

24

38

V

Live birth

No

MC

19

39

2

x

x

x

x

x

19

Lost to follow-up

/

Lost to follow-up

Thrombocytopenia

LL

20

40

2

x

x

x

x

x

4

Miscarriage

A

Miscarriage

No

Voluntary abortion

VL

21

24

1

x

x

x

x

x

38

38

C

Live birth

Pneumonia

FD

22

23

1

x

x

x

x

26

38

C

Live birth

No

MV

23

29

2

x

x

x

x

33

33

C

Live birth

No

Premature release of placenta, blood loss antepartum

GD

24

22

1

x

x

x

x

x

25 (1st)

40

V

Live birth

Threat of premature labor

34 (2nd)

Hypertension, preinduction with prostaglandin, short umbilical cord, umbilical cord around the neck, mild preeclampsia proteinuria, increase of uric acid, hypoalbuminemia. Therapy: albumin, antibiotics, antithrombin III

Right renal pelvic dilatation at 6th month, hypertension, hypoalbuminemia, haemoglobinuris and proteinuria, bilateral edema, no gasps